Waves

More Topic from Physics

Question 1

A wave travelling along the x-axis is described by the equation y(x, t) = 0.005 cos (αx −βt). If the wavelength and the time period of the wave are 0.08 m and 2.0 s, respectively, then α and β in appropriate units are 

  • α = 25.00 π, β = π

  • α = 0.08/ π,  2.0/π

  • α = 0.04 / π , β =1.0/π

  • α = 12.50 , β =π/ 2.0

Solution

A.

α = 25.00 π, β = π

y = 0.005 cos (αx − βt)
comparing the equation with the standard form,
straight y space equals space straight A space cos space open square brackets open parentheses straight x over straight lambda minus straight t over straight T close parentheses 2 straight pi close square brackets
2 straight pi divided by straight lambda space equals space straight alpha space and space 2 straight pi divided by straight T space equals space straight beta
straight alpha space equals space 2 straight pi divided by 0.08
space equals space 25.00 space straight pi
straight beta space equals space straight pi

Question 2

A whistle producing sound waves of frequencies 9500 Hz and above is approaching a stationary person with speed v ms−1. The velocity of sound in air is 300 ms−1. If the person can hear frequencies upto a maximum of 10,000 Hz, the maximum value of v upto which he can hear the whistle is

  • 15 square root of 2 space ms to the power of negative 1 end exponent
  • 15 divided by square root of 2 space ms to the power of negative 1 end exponent
  • 15 ms-1

  • 30 ms-1

Solution

C.

15 ms-1

straight f subscript app space equals space fraction numerator straight f left parenthesis 300 right parenthesis over denominator 300 minus straight v end fraction
rightwards double arrow space straight v space equals space 15 space straight m divided by straight s
Question 3

An observer is moving with half the speed of light towards a stationary microwave source emitting waves at frequency 10 GHz. What is the frequency of the microwave measured by the observer?
(speed of light = 3 × 108 ms–1)

  • 17.3 GHz

  • 15.3 GHz

  • 10.1 GHz

  • 12.1 GHz

Solution

A.

17.3 GHz

Doppler effect in light (speed of observer is not very small compared to speed of light)
straight f to the power of 1 space equals square root of fraction numerator 1 space plus straight V divided by straight C over denominator 1 minus straight V divided by straight C end fraction end root straight f subscript source space equals space square root of fraction numerator 1 space plus space 1 divided by 2 over denominator 1 minus 1 divided by 2 end fraction end root left parenthesis 10 space GHz right parenthesis
space equals space 17.3 space GHz

Question 4

An observer moves towards a stationary source of the sound, with a velocity one-fifth of the velocity of sound. What is the percentage increase in the apparent frequency?

  • 0

  • 0.5%

  • 5%

  • 20%

Solution

D.

20%

straight f space equals space fraction numerator straight v plus straight v divided by 5 over denominator straight v end fraction straight f space equals fraction numerator 6 straight f over denominator 5 end fraction
percent sign increase space in space frequency space equals space 20 percent sign
Question 5

In amplitude modulation, sinusoidal carrier frequency used is denoted by ωc and the signal frequency is denoted by ωm. The bandwidth (Δωm) of the signal is such that Δωm << ωc. Which of the following frequencies is not contained in the modulated wave?

  • ωm + ωc

  • ωc - ωm

  • ωm

  • ωc

Solution

C.

ωm

3