Mechanical Properties of Solids

More Topic from Physics

Question 1

A man grows into a giant such that his linear dimensions increase by a factor of 9. Assuming that his density remains same, the stress in the leg will change by a factor of

  • 81

  • 1/81

  • 9

  • 1/9

Solution

C.

9

stress space equals space force over area space
equals mg over straight A space equals space fraction numerator volume space straight x space density space xg over denominator Area end fraction
Stress space equals space fraction numerator straight L cubed ρg over denominator straight L squared end fraction
Question 2

A pendulum made of a uniform wire of cross-sectional area A has time period T. When an additional mass M is added to its Bob, the time period changes TM. If Young's modulus of the material of the wire is Y, then 1/Y is equal to (g = gravitational acceleration)

  • open square brackets open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared minus 1 close square brackets straight A over Mg
  • open square brackets open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared minus 1 close square brackets Mg over straight A
  • open square brackets 1 minus space open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared close square brackets straight A over Mg
  • open square brackets 1 minus space open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared close square brackets Mg over straight A

Solution

A.

open square brackets open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared minus 1 close square brackets straight A over Mg

Time period, straight T space equals space 2 straight pi square root of straight L over straight g end root
When additional mass M is added to its Bob
straight T subscript straight M space equals space 2 straight pi square root of fraction numerator straight L plus increment straight L over denominator straight g end fraction end root comma where Δ is increase in length
As we know that,
straight Y space equals space fraction numerator Mg divided by straight A over denominator increment straight L divided by straight L end fraction space equals space fraction numerator MgL over denominator straight A increment straight L end fraction
rightwards double arrow increment straight L space equals space MgL over AY
straight T subscript straight M space equals space MgL over AY
straight T subscript straight M space equals space 2 straight pi square root of fraction numerator straight L plus begin display style MgL over AY end style over denominator straight g end fraction end root
rightwards double arrow open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared space equals space 1 plus Mg over AY
or space Mg over AY equals space 1 minus open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared
1 over straight Y space equals space straight A over Mg open square brackets open parentheses straight T subscript straight M over straight T close parentheses squared minus 1 close square brackets

Question 3

A sonometer wire of length 1.5 m is made of steel. The tension in it produces an elastic strain of 1 %. What is the fundamental frequency of steel if density and elasticity of steel are 7.7 × 103 kg/m3 and 2.2 × 1011N/m2 respectively?

  • 188.5 Hz

  • 178.2 Hz

  • 200.5 Hz

  • 770 Hz

Solution

B.

178.2 Hz

Fundamental space frequency space straight f space equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 l end fraction square root of straight T over straight mu end root
equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 l end fraction square root of straight T over Aρ end root
space equals equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 l end fraction square root of Stress over straight rho end root space equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 space straight x 1.5 end fraction square root of fraction numerator 2.2 space straight x space 10 to the power of 11 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 2 end exponent over denominator 7.7 space straight x space 10 cubed end fraction end root
Question 4

A transparent solid cylindrical rod has a refractive index of 2√3. It is surrounded by air. A light ray is incident at the midpoint of one end of the rod as shown in the figure.θ The incident angle θ for which the light ray grazes along the wall of the rod is 

  • sin space to the power of minus space open parentheses 1 half close parentheses
  • sin space to the power of minus space open parentheses fraction numerator square root of 3 over denominator 2 end fraction close parentheses
  • sin space to the power of minus space open parentheses fraction numerator 2 over denominator square root of 3 end fraction close parentheses
  • sin space to the power of minus space open parentheses fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 3 end fraction close parentheses

Solution

D.

sin space to the power of minus space open parentheses fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 3 end fraction close parentheses
Question 5

A wooden wheel of radius R is made of two semicircular parts (see figure); The two parts are held together by a ring made of a metal strip of cross sectional area S and length L. L is slightly less than 2πR. To fit the ring on the wheel, it is heated so that it temperature rises by ∆T and it just steps over the wheel. As it cools down to surrounding temperature, it presses the semicircular parts together. If the coefficient of linear expansion of the metal is α, and its Youngs'modulus is Y, the force that one part of the wheel applies on the other part is :

  • 2πSYα∆T

  • SYα∆T

  • πSYα ∆T

  • 2SYα ∆T

Solution

D.

2SYα ∆T

4