-->

Relations And Functions

Question
CBSEENMA12035765

The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate of 3 cubic centimetres per second. Find the rate of increase of its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm.

Solution
straight V space equals 4 over 3 πr cubed
rightwards double arrow space dV over dt space equals space 4 over 3 straight pi.3 straight r squared dr over dt
rightwards double arrow space dV over dt space equals space 4 πr squared dr over dt
rightwards double arrow dr over dt space equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator 4 πr squared end fraction dV over dt
rightwards double arrow dr over dt space equals space fraction numerator 3 over denominator 4 straight pi left parenthesis 2 right parenthesis squared end fraction
open square brackets straight r equals space 2 space cm space and space dV over dt space equals space 3 space cm squared divided by sec close square brackets

rightwards double arrow dr over dt space space equals fraction numerator 3 over denominator 16 space straight pi end fraction cm divided by sec

Now, let S be the surface area of the sphere at any time t. then,
S = 4πr2
rightwards double arrow space dS over dt space equals space 8 πr dr over dt
rightwards double arrow space dS over dt space equals space 8 straight pi space left parenthesis 2 right parenthesis space straight x fraction numerator 3 over denominator 16 straight pi end fraction
open square brackets straight r space equals 2 space cm space and space dr over dt space equals space fraction numerator 3 over denominator 16 straight pi end fraction space cm divided by sec close square brackets
rightwards double arrow space dS over dt space equals space 3 space cm squared divided by sec


Some More Questions From Relations and Functions Chapter

Let A be the set of all students of a boys school. Show that the relation R in A given by R = {(a, b) : a is sister of b} is the empty relation and R’ = {(a, b) : the difference between heights of a and b is less than 3 meters} is the universal relation.

Show that the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3)} is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive.

Show that the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.

Give an example of a relation which is

(i) Symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.
(ii) Transitive but neither reflexive nor symmetric.
(iii) Reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
(iv) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.
(v) Symmetric and transitive but not reflexive.

Let L be the set of all lines in a plane and R be the relation in L defined as R = {(L1, L2) : L1 is perpendicular to L2}. Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.

 Determine whether each of the following relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive :

(i) Relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3,....., 13, 14} defined as

R = {(x, y) : 3 x – y = 0}

(ii) Relation R in the set N of natural numbers defined as R = {(x, y) : y = x + 5 and x < 4} (iii) Relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {(x,y) : y is divisible by x} (iv) Relation R in the set Z of all integers defined as R = {(x,y) : x – y is an integer}

(v) Relation R in the set A of human beings in a town at a particular time given by
(a)    R = {(x, y) : x and y work at the same place}
(b)    R = {(x,y) : x and y live in the same locality}
(c)    R = {(x, y) : x is exactly 7 cm taller than y}
(d)    R = {(x, y) : x is wife of y}
(e)    R = {(x,y) : x is father of y}

Check whether the relation R defined in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {(a, b) : b = a + 1} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.

Show that the relation R in R defined as R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b}, is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.

Check whether the relation R in R defined by R = {(a,b) : a ≤ b3} is refleive, symmetric or transitive.