What is meant by ‘Direct Channels of Distribution’? List any four methods of Direct Channels of Distribution.

Explain briefly the various marketing functions performed by a modern business enterprise.
Or
Explain various functions of marketing.

Define Marketing. Explain its features.

‘Bending the customer according to the Product’ and ‘Developing the product according to customer-needs’ are the two important concepts of marketing management. Identify the concepts and differentiate between the two.

Explain ‘Market Planning’ and ‘Product Designing and Development’ as functions of marketing.

What is meant by the 'Product Concept’of marketing?

What is meant by the ‘Societal Concept’ of marketing?

What is meant by ‘Production Concept’ of marketing?

What is meant by ‘Selling Concept’ of marketing?

Distinguish between the product concept and production concept of marketing.

Or

Distinguish between the concepts ‘product’ and ‘production’ in Marketing keeping following as the base: (i) Focus (ii) Means (iii) Ends.

Mansi, a shoe manufacturer for school students, decided to maximise her profit by producing and distributing at large scale and thereby reducing the average cost of production.

(i) Identify the Marketing Management philosophy adopted by Mansi.

(ii) Explain this philosophy on the basis of

(a) Main Focus

(b) Means and Ends