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Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
Question
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How is the amplification of a gene sample of interest carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)? 

Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR is used to amplify the gene of interest. In this method -:

Primers are designed according to the sequence of the gene of interest.

 Two sets of primers (chemically synthesized oligonucleotide stretches) that are complementary to the gene of interest, DNA polymerase enzyme, and deoxynucleotides are added to the PCR mixture.

PCR consists of 3 steps:

i. Denaturation The ds DNA is denatured by providing high temperature. Taq DNA polymerase isolated from the thermophilic bacteria, Thermus aquaticus (Taq), which  does not degrade at such high temperatures is used.

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Some More Questions From Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Chapter

Give the full form of PCR. Who developed it ?

What is the source of DNA polymerase i.e., Taq polymerase ?

Define “melting of target DNA”.

What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in a human cell ? Consult your teacher.

Do eukaryotic cells have restriction endonucleases ? Justify your answer.

From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size. How did you know ?

Expand EFB.

What are two core techniques that enabled birth of biotechnology ?

What is genetic engineering? Explain briefly the distinct steps common to all genetic engineering technology.
Or
With the help of diagrams show the different steps in the formation of recombinant DNA by action of restriction endonuclease.

List three important features necessary for preparing genetically modified organism.