How can you say that in the decades immediately after independence, the state did not make sufficient effort to deal with inequality between upper castes and lower castes in economic and educational terms?
It is because:
(i) The state was unwilling to push through radical reforms to remove economic inequality between upper and lower castes.
(ii) Except option of reservation for the SC and ST the state put on the same platform for government jobs one side the educated upper caste people and uneducated or ill educated lower castes on the other. It did no help to lower caste people.