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Which of the following does not lead to the spread of democracy?
Struggle by the people
Invasion by foreign countries
End of colonialism
People’s desire for freedom.
B.
Invasion by foreign countries
Which of the following statement is true about today’s world?
Monarchy as a form of government has vanished.
The relationship between different countries has become more democratic than ever before.
In more and more countries rulers are being elected by the people.
There are no more military dictators in the world.
C.
In more and more countries rulers are being elected by the people.
Democracy in the international organisations requires that ....
The rich countries should have a greater say
Countries should have a say according to their military power
Countries should be treated with respect in proportion to their population
All countries in the world should be treated equally.
D.
All countries in the world should be treated equally.
Match the following options:
| A. Chile | (i) Freedom from British colonial rule |
| B. Nepal | (ii) End of military dictatorship |
| C. Poland | (iii) End of one party rule |
| D. Ghana | (iv) King agreed to give up his powers |
A. Chile | (i) End of one party rule |
B. Nepal | (ii) King agreed to give up his powers |
C. Poland | (iii) End of military dictatorship |
D. Ghana | (iv) Freedom from British colonial rule |
What are the difficulties people face in a non-democratic country? Give answers drawing from the examples given in this chapter.
In a non-democratic country people face the following difficulties:
Which freedoms are usually taken away when a democracy is overthrown by the military?
When a democracy is overthrown by the military, even the fundamental freedoms are taken away such as:
(i)Freedom of speech and expression.
(ii)Freedom to form associations.
(iii)Freedom of press.
(iv)Right to criticise the government.
(v)Freedom of movement.
(vi)Right to equality.
Which of the following positions can contribute to democracy at the global level? Give reasons for your answer in each case.
a) My country gives more money to international institutions. Therefore, I want to be treated with more respect and exercise more power.
(b) My country may be small or poor. But my voice must be heard with equal respect, because these decisions will affect my country.
(c) Wealthy nations will have a greater say in international affairs. They cannot let their interests suffer just because they are outnumbered by poor nations.
(d) Big countries like India must have a greater say in international organisations.
For the promotion of democracy at the global level, it is essential that all countries small or poor should be heard with equal respect. At the global stage every states should have one vote irrespective of power and economy.
International institutions ought to be based on the principle of equality. As in the General Assembly all members enjoy one vote on the principle of equality.
Here are three opinions heard in a television debate on the struggle for democracy in Nepal. Which of these do you agree with and why?
Guest 1 : India is a democracy. Therefore, the Indian government must support the people of Nepal who are struggling against monarchy and for democracy.
Guest 2 : That is a dangerous argument. We would be in the same position as the US was in Iraq. Remember, no outside force can promote democracy.
Guest 3 : But why should we bother about the internal affairs of another country? We should be worried about our business interests there, not about democracy.
I agree with the opinion expressed by guest 2 because no country should interfere in the internal matters of other countries.
Democracy can be restored only with the support of the people of a country. External force cannot promote democracy in other sovereign state.
In an imaginary country called Happyland, the people overthrew the foreign ruler and brought back the old royal family. They said : “After all their ancestors were our kings before foreigners started ruling us. It is good that we have one strong ruler, who can help us become rich and powerful.” When someone talked about democracy the wise men said it is a foreign idea. Their struggle was to throw the foreigners and their ideas out of the country. When someone demanded freedom for the media, the elders thought that too much criticism of the ruler would not help them improve their living standards. “After all, the king is so kind and interested in the welfare of all the subjects. Why create problems for him ? Don’t we all want to be happy?”
After reading the above passage, Chaman, Champa and Chandru made the following observations:
Chaman: Happyland is a democratic country because people were able to throw out the foreign rulers and bring back the king.
Champa: Happyland is not a democratic country because people cannot criticise the ruler. The king may be nice and may provide economic prosperity, but a king cannot give a democratic rule.
Chandru:What people need is happiness. So they are willing to allow their new ruler to take decisions for them. If people are happy it must be a democracy.
What is your opinion about each of these statements? What do you think about the form of government in this country?
Democracy exists:
in 70 countries
in Europe only
In the majority countries of the world
In the whole world.
C.
In the majority countries of the world
Military coup took place in Chile on
11 September 1975
21 September 1976
11 September 1973
11 September 1974.
C.
11 September 1973
Poland had its first election in
April 1989
October 1990
April 1990
October 1992
B.
October 1990
In 1980 in Poland which was the ruling party?
Solidarity Party
Polish Socialist Party
Communist Party
Polish United Workers’ Party
D.
Polish United Workers’ Party
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Which of the following was the feature of Allende government of Chile?
Widespread corruption
Free Market
Govt. control on big industries
Foreign Intervention in domestic affairs
C.
Govt. control on big industries
Which of the following was the common feature of Allende government of Chile and Michelle’s Chile?
Power was exercised by the Military rulers
Direct democracy
Rule of few persons
Power was exercised by government elected by the people
D.
Power was exercised by government elected by the people
Which of the following statement is correct?
Democracy is established in all the countries of the world.
Democracy has expanded throughout the 20th century.
Democracy was not established in any country of Asia in the 10th century.
At present there is not a single country where dictatorship exists.
B.
Democracy has expanded throughout the 20th century.
In Myanmar which system of government exists
One Party Rule
Democratic government
Military Rule
Monarchy
C.
Military Rule
United Nations was established on
24th Oct. 1945
20 Oct. 1946
20th Oct. 1947
1st Jan. 1950
A.
24th Oct. 1945
Which of the following does not exist?
U.N.
World State
International Monetary Fund
World Bank
B.
World State
When did the workers of Lenin shipyard go on strike?
14 August, 1980
15th June, 1981
26 Jan, 1983
15 August, 1985
A.
14 August, 1980
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State one feature of Pinochet’s rule in Chile.
Chile was ruled by military ruler, General Augusto Pinochet and there was no real freedom.
State one feature of democracy.
Leaders elected by the people of the country and are accountable to them.
Mention any four democratic countries of the World.
The countries are: India, U.S.A., U.K. and France.
In which year New King of Nepal had dismissed the elected government of Nepal?
Elected government of Nepal was dismissed in 2005.
When did Myanmar get freedom from Britishers?
Myanmar got independence from Britishers in 1948.
Who is the present Secretary General of United Nations?
Ban-Ki-Moon is the present Secretary General of United Nations.
Which country are the permanent members of the Security Council?
The permanent members are: England, U.S.A., France, China and Russia.
Which international organisation lends money to the governments?
The organisations are: International Monetary Fund and World Bank.
Mention any three events of the world which are considered pillar in establishing Democracy in the World.
The events are:
(i)The Glorious Revolution of 1688 in Great Britain.
(ii)American Declaration of Independence of 1776.
(iii)The Franch Revolution of 1789.
Should a democratic country wage a war and invade other countries for establishing democracy there?
No, a democratic country has no right to wage a war and invade other countries for establishing democracy.
If external intervention leads to the establishment of democracy in a country, would it last long?
With the support of external intervention democracy cannot last long. Only with the support of its citizens democracy can last long.
Did the army have any legal right to arrest the defence minister of the country?
The army didn't have any legal right to arrest the defence minister of the country.
Should the army have the power to arrest any citizen?
The army should have no power to arrest the citizen.
Poland is famous for its poster art. Most of the posters of solidarity carried this special way of writing ‘Solidarnose’, can you find similar examples of poster art or wall writing in Indian politics?
Yes, there is a similar examples of poster art or wall writing in Indian politics especially in West Bengal.
Locate Poland on the map. Write down the names of the countries that surround it?
Poland is a Central European country. It is surrounded by Germany, Austria and Czech republic.
Identify some countries in Latin America that became democratic after 1975.
The countries are: Belize, Costa Rica, Elsalvador, Guatemala, Honduras Nicaragua and Panama.
Make a list of big countries that were not democratic in 2000.
The countries are: Myanmar, Pakistan, China, Afghanistan, Egypt, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Angola, Chad, Peru etc.
Mention the names of few countries that became democratic between 1900 and 1950.
The countries are: India, Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, Australia, Italy, Finland, Sweden, Ireland, Guatemala, Philippines, Ecuador etc.
Looking at these maps, (mentioned in the textbook page 8 & 9) which period do you find most important in the expansion of democracy? Why?
Looking at the maps mentioned in textbook page 8 and 9 we find that period 1975-2000 is the most important in the expansion of democracry.
During this period many countries moved towards democracy.
Mention the names of some European counties that were democratic in 1975.
The European counties were: Greece, Italy, Spain, France, Belgium, Germany, England, Sweden, Finland etc.
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Which Indian states have border with Myanmar?
Indian states having border with Myanmar are Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.
Write the names of any four countries where Universal Adult Franchise was introduced after Second World War.
The countries are: India, Argentina, U.S.A. and Spain.
When was Universal Adult Franclise introduced in In U.S.A.?
In 1965, Universal Adult Franchise was introduced in U.S.A.
When Universal Adult Franchise was granted in England?
In England Universal Adult Franchise was granted in 1928.
When was Myanmar’s democratic leader Aung San Suu Kyi released by Military Authorities?
Aung San Suu Kyi was released on 13th Nov, 2010.
State any three features of democratic system of Chile post 1988.
Name any three East European Countries that were being ruled by Communist Parties in 1980s.
The East European Countries are: East Germany, Poland and Yugoslavia.
What were the two common features of Pinochet’s rule in Chile and the Communist rule in Poland?
State any two features of Walesa’s government of Poland.
Mention any two features of General Jaruzelski government of Poland.
What was Solidarity? Mention its importance.
Solidarity was a Trade Union of Poland.
Do you think it is good to elect someone president for life? Or is it better to hold regular elections after every few years?
In a democratic country no one should be elected president for life. For true democracy it is essential to hold regular elections after four or five years.
Describe U.N.O.
UNO:
(i)United Nations Organisation is an international organisation which was established after Second World War on October 24, 1945.
(ii)India is the founder member of this organisation. The United Nations represents the second major effort in the twentieth century to achieve the goal of a better world through a general international organisation of the states.
(iii)U.N.O. is an association of states and its primary objective is the maintenance of international peace and security. At present 192 States are the members of the United Nations.
Should there be a world government? If yes, who should elect it? And what powers should it have?
Yes, there should be a world government.
The General Assembly of U.N. should become world parliament.
Law making should be rested with the General Assembly.
Describe in short the life of Aung San Suu Kyi.
Aung San Suu Kyi was the national leader of Myanmar.
(i)Suu Kyi was the leader of National League for democracy. National League for democracy won the election under the leadership of Suu Kyi. But military ruler instead of handing over the government to the elected leader, put all the leaders including Suu Kyi under house arrest.
(ii)However, Suu Kyi continued her campaign for democracy. According to her, “The quest for democracy in Myanmar is the struggle of the people to live whole, meaningful lives as free and equal members of the world community.”
(iii)On 13th Nov. 2010, the military authorities in Myanmar relased the Pro-democracy leader, Aung San Suu Kyi. She has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Mention the objectives of the United Nations.
The objectives of the United Nations are mentioned below:
Explain in short any two organs of the United Nations.
The two organs of U.N. are explained below:
(i)General Assembly - General Assembly is the largest organ of the U.N. and consists of all the members of the U.N. At present 193 states are the members of the General Assembly. Mainly General Assembly is the deliberative body and it also approves the annual budget of the United Nations.
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