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Contemporary India I Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation And Wild Life

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    NCERT Solution For Class 9 Social+science Contemporary India I

    Natural Vegetation And Wild Life Here is the CBSE Social+science Chapter 5 for Class 9 students. Summary and detailed explanation of the lesson, including the definitions of difficult words. All of the exercises and questions and answers from the lesson's back end have been completed. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social+science Natural Vegetation And Wild Life Chapter 5 NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social+science Natural Vegetation And Wild Life Chapter 5 The following is a summary in Hindi and English for the academic year 2021-2022. You can save these solutions to your computer or use the Class 9 Social+science.

    Question 1
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    To which one of the following type of vegetation does rubber belong to?

    • Tundra

    • Tidal

    • Himalayan

    • Tropical evergreen
    Solution

    D.

    Tropical evergreen

    Question 5
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    Define an ecosystem
    Solution

    A system which comprises the physical enviroment and the organisms living therein.

    Question 6
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    What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
    Solution

    The factors responsible for distribution of plants and animals are:

    (i) Temperature
    (ii) Soil

    (iii) Relief 
    (iv) Precipitation 
    (v)Sunlight

    Question 7
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    What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
    Solution

    A Biosphere Reserve is an ecosystem with plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural interest.
    Examples: (i)Panchmari (ii)Manas

    Question 8
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    Distinguish between flora and fauna.
    Solution

    Flora

    Fauna

    (i)The vegetation or plant kingdom of an area is called flora.

    (ii) Plants are the primary producers and use sun light to produce carbohydrates.

    (iii) It consists of forests, grasslands, flowering and non-flowering trees.

     

    (ii)The animal kingdom of an area is called fauna.

    (ii)Animals are consumers and depend on producers for food.

    (iiiThese include birds, fish, animals, insects etc.

     
    Question 9
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    Distinguish between tropical evergreen and deciduous forests.
    Solution

    Tropical Evergreen Forests

    Deciduous Forests

    (i)These forests are also known as Tropical Rain Forests.

    (ii)These forests do not shed their leaves.

    (iii)These forests are found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of annual rainfall.

    (iv)Ebony, Mahogany and Rosewood are typical trees of these forests.

    (i)These forests are also known as Monsoon forests.

    (ii)These forests shed their leaves during summer.

    (iii)These forests are found in areas receiving annual rainfall between 70-200 cm.

    (iv)Teak, sal, sandal are important trees of these forests.
    Question 10
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    Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
    Solution

    The different types of Vegetation found in India are:
    (i) Tropical Rain Forests
    (ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests
    (iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
    (iv) Montane Forests
    (v) Mangrove Forests
     
    Montane Forests is the vegetation of high altitudes :


    In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to the corresponding change in natural vegetation. The wet temperate type of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres. Evergreen broad-leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts predominate. Between 1500 and 3000 metres, temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar, are found.
    The common animals found in these forests are Kashmir stag, spotted dear, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, Shaggy horn wild ibex, bear and rare red panda, sheep and goats with thick hair.
    Question 11
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    Quite a few species of plants and animals endangered in India. Why?
    Solution
    The main causes for this are hunting by greedy hunters for commercial purposes. Pollution due to chemical and industrial waste, acid deposits, introduction of alien species and reckless cutting of the forests to bring land under cultivation and inhabitation, are also responsible for this.
    Question 12
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    Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?
    Solution
    India is enrich with with different type of topography and has got prevalance of different climatic condition.
    The different regions of the country have different soil types. Though India has an essentially monsoon type of climate, it has great variations in temperature and humidity across the country. Beside these, variation in duration of sunlight is also different. 
    Question 13
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    How many plant species are found in India?

    • 42000

    • 45000

    • 47000

    • 50000
    Solution

    C.

    47000

    Question 14
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    Deltaic soil supports ______vegetation.

    • Coniferrous

    • Monsoon

    • Cactus

    • Mangroves
    Solution

    D.

    Mangroves

    Question 16
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    The temperature in Tropical zone does not fall below.

    • 35°c

    • 30°c

    • 28°c

    • 18°c
    Solution

    D.

    18°c

    Question 17
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    Which state has the largest area under forests?

    • Assam

    • Meghalaya

    • Madhya Pradesh

    • Bihar
    Solution

    C.

    Madhya Pradesh

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    Question 18
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    To which type of vegetation does cinchona belong?

    • Tropical evergreen

    • Monsoon

    • Tidal

    • Tundra
    Solution

    A.

    Tropical evergreen

    Question 19
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    In which forests are Elephants mostly found?

    • Monsoon

    • Deciduous

    • Tropical evergreen

    • Arid
    Solution

    C.

    Tropical evergreen

    Question 21
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    Which is a nomadic Tribe?

    • Pygmies

    • Bakarwals

    • Masai

    • Red Indians
    Solution

    B.

    Bakarwals

    Question 22
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    Royal Bengal Tiger is found in

    • Mahanadi Delta

    • Kavery delta

    • Sunderbans

    • Krishna Delta
    Solution

    C.

    Sunderbans

    Question 23
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    Gir forests are the habitat of

    • Rats

    • Asses

    • Camels

    • Lion
    Solution

    D.

    Lion

    Question 24
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    Which is a bird Sanctuary?

    • Kanha Kish

    • Bharatpur

    • Kawal

    • Shivpuri
    Solution

    B.

    Bharatpur

    Question 30
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    One horned rhinoceros is found in the state of

    • Assam

    • Bihar

    • U.P.

    • Gujarat
    Solution

    A.

    Assam

    Question 31
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    Tropical rainforests are found in

    • Andaman Nicobar Islands

    • Chhattisgarh Plain

    • Gujarat

    • Karnataka Plateau
    Solution

    A.

    Andaman Nicobar Islands

    Question 33
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    Which is the most important tree of Monsoon forests?

    • Teak

    • Mahogany

    • Cacti

    • Pine
    Solution

    A.

    Teak

    Question 34
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    Which forests have tallest trees?

    • Tropical Rainforest

    • Temperate

    • Monsoon

    • Mangrove
    Solution

    A.

    Tropical Rainforest

    Question 36
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    To which forests Deodar tree belongs?

    • Temperate

    • Tropical Rainforest

    • Mangrove

    • Thorny
    Solution

    A.

    Temperate

    Question 38
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    Which nomadic tribe graze alpine grasslands in Kashmir

    • Gujjar

    • Bakarwal

    • Gaddi

    • Bhotia
    Solution

    B.

    Bakarwal

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    Question 40
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    Which element converts solar energy into food energy?
    Solution

    Plants.

    Question 41
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    The plants of a region are also known as______.
    Solution

    Flora

    Question 42
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    The species of Animals of a region are referred as______.
    Solution

    Fauna.

    Question 43
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    Where does India rank in the world with regard to plant diversity?
    Solution

    India ranks tenth in the world and fourth in Asia.

    Question 44
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    How many flowering plants are there in India?
    Solution

    15,000 

    Question 45
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    How much geographical area of India is covered by forests?
    Solution

    20.55 Per cent.

    Question 46
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    How much Hectares of land is under forests?
    Solution

    750 Lakh Hectares.

    Question 47
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    Mention any two geographical factors resonsible for the growth of forests.
    Solution

    The factors are:
    (i)Rainfall
    (ii)Sunlight

    Question 48
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    What percentage of area of country should be under forests?
    Solution

    33%.

    Question 49
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    Which state in India has the largest forest cover?
    Solution

    Madhya Pradesh.

    Question 52
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    Which two states has tropical evergreen forests?
    Solution

    The States are:
    (i) Kerala
    (ii) Maharashtra (Western Ghats).

    Question 53
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    Which group of islands has tropical evergreen forests? 
    Solution

    Andaman Nicobar.

    Question 54
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    Name three important trees found in tropical evergreen forests.
    Solution

    The trees are: Ebony, Mahogany and Rosewood.

    Question 55
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    Why Monsoon forests are known as deciduous forests?
    Solution

    Because these shed their leaves in summer.

    Question 56
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    Mention any three states where Monsoon forests are found.
    Solution

    The states are: Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.

    Question 57
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    Which is the widespread vegetation of India?
    Solution

    Monsoon deciduous forests.

    Question 58
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    Which are the two types of Monsoon forests?
    Solution

    Moist and dry are two types.

    Question 59
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    Which is the dominant tree of Monsoon forests?
    Solution

    Teak.

    Question 60
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    Write three states where Thorn forests and scrubs are found.
    Solution

    The states are: Gujarat, Rajasthan and Haryana.

    Question 61
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    Write any three typical trees of coniferous forests.
    Solution

    Pine, Deodar and  silver fir.

    Question 62
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    How many bird species are found in India?
    Solution

    1200.

    Question 63
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    Which is the natural habitat of Lions in India?
    Solution

    Gir forests.

    Question 64
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    Where is rare species of Red Panda found?
    Solution

    In Himalayas.

    Question 65
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    What do you mean by biome?
    Solution

    Plant communities occuring in distinct groups in areas having similar climatic conditions.

    Question 66
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    Mention any three non-flowering plants.
    Solution

    The plants are: Ferns, algae and Funge.

    Question 67
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    Which vegetation are found in Sandy soils?
    Solution

    Cactus and thorny bushes are found in sandy soils.

    Question 68
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    Which vegetation is found in Deltas?
    Solution

    Mangroves.

    Question 69
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    Which type of trees are found on hill slopes?
    Solution

    Conical

    Question 70
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    Why trees grow faster in Summer?
    Solution

    Due to longer duration of sunlight.

    Question 71
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    Which endangered animal is found in Assam?
    Solution

    One-horned Rhinoceros.

    Question 72
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    When was the wildlife protection act implemented in India?
    Solution

    In 1972.

    Question 73
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    Why thorny type of vegetation is found in Rajasthan? State two reasons.
    Solution

    The reasons:

    (i) Rajasthan is an arid area which receive less than 75 cms of annual rainfall. This rainfall does not support dense forests.

    (ii)The loss of moisture is also high due to transpiration as the region has high temperature. Trees have needle shaped thorns to prevent loss of moisture.
    Question 74
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    Why do the tropical deciduous forests shed their leaves during the summer?
    Solution

    Tropical deciduous forests shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in summer. As this is a hot-dry season, the leaves get dry due to high temperature and deficiency of moisture causing these trees to shed their leaves.

    Question 75
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    What is meant by natural vegetation? 
    Solution

    Natural vegetation refers to a plant community which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time.

    Question 76
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    Describe the siginificance of forests.
    Solution

    The siginificance of forests:
    (i)Forests are renewable resources and play a major role in enhancing the quality of environment.
    (ii)They modify local climate, control soil erosion, regulate stream flow, support a variety of industries, provide livelihood for many communities and offer panoramic or scenic view for recreation.
    (iii)It controls wind force and temperature and causes rainfall. It provides humus to the soil and shelter to the wild life.

    Question 77
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    What is termed as virgin vegetation? Distinguish between endemic and exotic vegetation in context of India.
    Solution

    Natural vegetation refers to a plant community which has been grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as a virgin vegetation. 
    The virgin vegetation, which are purely Indian are known as endemic or indigenous species but those which have come from outside India are termed as exotic plants (species). 

    Question 78
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    Explain the steps taken by the goverment to protect the flora and fauna of the county.
      Solution

      The steps taken by the goverment to protect the flora and fauna of the county are explained below:
      (i) Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up in the country to protect flora and fauna.

      (ii)Four out of these, the Sunderbans in the West Bengal, Nanda Devi in Uttaranchal, the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu and the Nilgiris (Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu) have been included in the world network of Biosphese reserves.

      (iii)Financial and technical assistance is provided to many Botanical Gardens by the government since 1992.
      (iv)Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard and many other ecodevelopmental projects have been introduced.
      (v)89 National Parks, 49 Wildlife sanctuaries and Zoological gardens are set up to take care of Natural heritage.

       

      Question 79
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      Elaborate the temperature characteristics of various vegetation zones.
      Solution

      Temperature Characteristics of the Vegetation Zones

      Vegetation Zones

      Mean Average Temp. °C (in degree)

      Mean Temp. Jan. °C

      Remarks

      Tropical

      Above 24°C

      Above 18°

      No Frost

      Sub-tropical

      17°C to 24°C

      10°C to 18°C

      Frost is rare

      Temperate

      7°C to 17°C

      -1°C to (-10) °C

      Frost some snow

      Alpine

      Below 7°C

      Below-l°C

      Snow

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      Question 80
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      State the interrelation between climate and vegetation.
      Solution

      There is interrelation between climate and vegetation: 
      (i)Evergreen forests are found in tropical areas having more than 200 cms of annual rainfall, have trees such as teak, sal.
      (ii)Whereas in areas receiving 100-200 cms of annual rainfall, monsoon (deciduous) forests are found. These broad leaved forests shed their trees for about six to eight weeks in dry summer.
      (iii)In cold areas, hilly areas of Himalayas, needle shaped coniferous trees are found like pine, fir etc. The forest regions are based on climatic regions.

      Question 81
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      Why are evergreen forests found on the Western Ghats?
      Solution

      Evergreen forests are found in areas of high temperature, having high annual rainfall. Western Ghats gets more than 200 cms. of annual rainfall. It is also located on the wind ward side of the mountains facing on-shore South West monsoons.
      Therefore the evergreen forests are found on the Western Ghats. 

      Question 82
      CBSEENSS9009263
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      Describe the vegetation found in different altitudes of the mountainous regions.
      Solution
      The vegetation found in different altitudes of the mountainous regions:
      (i)The wet temperate type of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres. Evergreen broad-leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts predominate.
      (ii)Between 1500 and 3000 metres, temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar, are found. 
      (iii)At high altitudes, generally more than 3,600 metres above sea-level, temperate forests and grasslands give way to the Alpine vegetation. Silver fir, junipers, pines and birches are the common trees of these forests.
      Question 83
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      Mention the role played by different species in the ecosystem.
      Solution

      The role of different species:
      (i)The animals have provided us draught power, transportation, meat, eggs.
      (ii)The fish provide nutritive food.
      (iii)Many insects help in pollination of crops and fruit trees and exert biological control on such insects, which are harmful. 

      Question 84
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      Mention any six Bio-reserves of India.
      Solution

      The Bio-reserves are:
      (i)Sunderbans
      (ii)Gulf of Mannar
      (iii) The Nilgiris
      (iv)Nanda Devi
      (v) Kanchenjunga
      (vi)Great Nicobar

      Tips: -

      Imp.

      Question 85
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      Differentiate between moist and dry deciduous forests with examples.
      Solution

      Dry deciduous forests

      Moist deciduous forests

      (i)These forests are found in areas having rainfall of 70-100 cms.

      (ii)These forests are found on dry eastern slopes of western ghats.

      (iii)Example: Sandal, Arjun and  Mahua 

      (i)These forests are found in areas having rainfall of 100-200 cms.

      (ii)These forests are found on the rainier slopes of western ghats.

      (iii)Example: Teak, Bamboos, and Sal 
      Question 86
      CBSEENSS9009267
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      Explain the medicinal plants found in India and the usage.
      Solution
      Medicinal Plants:

      India is known for its herbs and spices from ancient times. Some 2,000 plants have been described in Ayurveda and atleast 500 are in regular use. The World Conservation Union's Red list has named for 352 medicinal plants of which 52 are critically threatened and 49 endangered.
      The commonly used plants in India are:

      (i)Sarpagandha - Used to treat blood pressure; it is found only in India.

      (ii)Jamun - The juice from unripe fruit is used to prepare vinegar which is carminative and diuretic, and has digestive properties. The powder of the seed is a cure for diabetes, the bark is good for cough, asthma and dysentery.

      (iii)Arjun - The fresh juice of leaves is a cure for earache. It is also used to cure blood pressure problems and heart diseases.

      (iv)Babool - Leaves are used as a tonic and a cure for eye sores. It is used as a tonic and medicine for cough, its bark dust is a cure for dog bite.

      (v)Neem - It has high antibiotic and antibacterial effects.

      (vi)Tulsi Plants - It is used to cure cough and cold.

      (vii)Kachnar - It is used to cure asthma and ulcers. The buds and roots are good for digestive problems. 

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