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Regional Aspirations
The areas of tensions and political aspirations were as explained below :
(i) Jammu and Kashmir:
(a) A separate Kashmiri nation.
(b) Merger with Pakistan.
(c) Greater autonomy for the State.
(ii) Punjab:
(a) Formation of a ‘Punjabi Suba’.
(b) Political autonomy for the region.
(c) To attain ‘bolbala’ i.e., dominance and hegemony of the Sikhs (Anandpur Sahib Resolution).
(d) Distribution of water between Punjab and neighboring States.
(e) Secession from India and the creation of ‘Khalistan’.
(iii) Assam:
(a) Political autonomy.
(b) Tribal communities and separation from Assam.
(c) Secession from the Indian Union (Mizos).
(d) To detect and deport outsides from Assam i.e., anti-foreigners movement.
(iv) Tamil Nadu:
(a) Opposition to the Brahmins’ dominance.
(b) Against the political, economic and cultural domination of the North.
(c) Against making Hindi the country’s official language.
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One of Hazarika’s songs ....... dwells on the unity theme; the seven states of north-eastern India become seven sisters born of the same mother .... ‘Meghalaya went own way ...... Arunachal too separated and Mizoram appeared in Assam’s gateway as a groom to marry another daughter,’ ......... The song ends with a determination to keep the unity of the Assamese with other smaller nationalities that are left in the present-day Assam– ‘the Karbis and the Missing brothers and sisters are our dear ones.’ —Sanjib Baruah
(a) Which unity is the poet talking about ?
(b) Why were the States of North-East created separately out of the erstwhile State of Assam ?
(c) Do you think that the same theme of unity could apply to all the regions of India ? Why ?
“Before 1947, Jammu and Kashmir was a Muslim State. Its Sikh ruler, Hari Singh, wanted to merge with Pakistan.”
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