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Regional Aspirations

Question

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All regional movements need not lead to separatist demands. Explain by giving examples from this chapter.

Solution

With the Indian approach to diversity, different regions and linguistic groups have been granted the rights to retain their own culture. Our constitution makers decided that we should live a united social life without losing the destructiveness of numerous cultures in India. Thus, the principles of unity and diversity were balanced. However, inspite of such approach there have been regional movements in support of people’s aspirations. There were questions of political aspirations of the people of Kashmir valley and in some parts of the North-East, Punjab and in the South. There were mass agitations and movements in different parts of the country to express regional aspirations. Some of these movements lead to separatist demands. For example, in Kashmir separatist politics surfaced in 1989 when separatists raised the demand for a separate Kashmiri nation, independent of India and Pakistan. In Punjab, the more extreme elements advocated secession from India and the creation of ‘Khalistan’. In North-East region, the Mizo National Front started an armed campaign for independence.

In practice, the separatist demands were not fulfilled in Kashmir, Punjab and North-East region. On the other hand, no separatist demands were put forward by other regional movements. In Assam, the tribal communities demanded a tribal state to be carved out of Assam. This led to creation of Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh. The Assam movement from 1979 to 1985 was against ‘outsiders’ to protect their culture and against their backwardness. In all the above cases, the problem was solved within the constitutional framework.

Hence, it is very true to state that all regional movements need not lead to separatist demands.

Some More Questions From Regional Aspirations Chapter

Why did the Anandpur Sahib Resolution become controversial ?

Explain the internal divisions of the State of Jammu and Kashmir and describe how these lead to multiple regional aspirations in that State.

What are the various positions on the issue of regional autonomy for Kashmir ? Which of these do you think are justifiable ? Give reasons for your answer.

The Assam movement was a combination of cultural pride and economic backwardness. Explain.

All regional movements need not lead to separatist demands. Explain by giving examples from this chapter.

Regional demands from different parts of India exemplify the principle of unity with diversity. Do you agree ? Give reasons.

Read the passage and answer the questions below :
One of Hazarika’s songs ....... dwells on the unity theme; the seven states of north-eastern India become seven sisters born of the same mother .... ‘Meghalaya went own way ...... Arunachal too separated and Mizoram appeared in Assam’s gateway as a groom to marry another daughter,’ ......... The song ends with a determination to keep the unity of the Assamese with other smaller nationalities that are left in the present-day Assam– ‘the Karbis and the Missing brothers and sisters are our dear ones.’ —Sanjib Baruah

(a) Which unity is the poet talking about ?

(b) Why were the States of North-East created separately out of the erstwhile State of Assam ?

(c) Do you think that the same theme of unity could apply to all the regions of India ? Why ?

Describe the issues which India had to face immediately after independence.

Which is the main issue of dispute between India and Pakistan ?

What are external and internal dimensions of the ‘Kashmir issue’ ?

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