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Novels, Society and History
Explain the growth of the Novel in Hindi.
The growth of the Novel in Hindi:
(i)In the north, Bharatendu Harishchandra, the pioneer of modern Hindi literature, had encouraged many members of his circle of poets and writers to recreate and translate novels from other languages.
(ii)Srinivas Das’s novel, published in 1882, was titled Pariksha-Guru. It cautioned young men of well-to-do families against the dangerous influences of bad company and consequent loose morals.
(iii)The writings of Devaki Nandan Khatri created a novel-reading public in Hindi. His best-seller, Chandrakanta – a romance with dazzling elements of fantasy – is believed to have contributed immensely in popularising the Hindi language and the Nagari script among the educated classes of those times.
(iv)It was with the writing of Premchand that the Hindi novel achieved excellence. He drew on the traditional art of kissa-goi, storytelling.
(v)His novel Sewasadan, published in 1916, lifted the Hindi novel from the realm of fantasy, moralising and simple entertainment to a serious reflection on the lives of ordinary people and social issues.
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Write a note on:
The Oriya novel
Write a note on:
Jane Austen's portrayal of women
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The picture of the new middle class which the novel Pariksha-Guru portrays.
Discuss some of the social changes in nineteenth-century Britain which Thomas Hardy and Charles Dickens wrote about.
Summarise the concern in both nineteenth-century Europe and India about women reading novels. What does this suggest about how women were viewed?
In what ways was the novel in colonial India useful for both the colonisers as well as the nationalists?
Describe how the issue of caste was included in novels in India. By referring to any two novels, discuss the ways in which they tried to make readers think about existing social issues.
Describe the ways in which the novel in India attempted to create a sense of pan-Indian belonging.
Imagine that you are a historian in 3035 A.D. You have just located two novels which were written in the twentieth century. What do they tell you about society and customs of the time?
Novel is a modern form of literature that first took firm root in:
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