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Atoms And Molecules
Give an account of the ‘mole concept’.
A mole signifies a collection of 6.023 x 1023 atoms, molecules, ions, etc. Thus, 1 mole of oxygen atom refers to 6.023 x 1023 atoms of oxygen.
A mole also refers to the mass in grams numerically equal to the molecular mass or atomic mass in atomic mass units. Thus, mole signifies both number and amount in grams. For example,
One mole of hydrogen molecule refers to
(i) 6.02323 x 1023 molecules of hydrogen.
(ii) 2.016 g (equivalent to molecular mass in u i.e., 2.016 u) of hydrogen.
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Convert into mole
(a) 12 gm of oxygen gas
(b) 20 gm of water
(c) 22 gm of carbon dioxide.
What is the mass of?
(a) 0.2 mole oxygen atoms.
(b) 0.5 mole of water molecules.
Calculate the number of molecules of sulphur (S8) present in 16 gm of solid sulphur.
Calculate the number of aluminium ions present in 0.56 gm of aluminium oxide.
Explain law of conservation of mass.
50 g of 10% lead nitrate is mixed with 50 g of 10% sodium chloride in a closed vessel. After the reaction has taken place, it was found that 6.83 g of lead chloride was precipitated. Besides, the reaction mixture contained 90 g water and sodium nitrate. Calculate the amount of sodium nitrate formed.
Name and explain two important laws of chemical combination ?
What are the postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory of matter?
Hydrogen and oxygen combine in two different ways to produce water and hydrogen peroxide. Which of Dalton’s law does this observation confirm? Explain.
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