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Peasants, Zamindars And The State
Zamindars were an exploitative class but their relations with the peasantry were based on paternalism and patronage. Give two reasons in its favour.
(i) Bhakti saints clearly condemned caste based and other types of oppression. But they did not portray the zamindars as oppressors or exploiters of the peasantry class.
(ii) A number of agrarian uprisings took place in 17th century. Zamindars often got support of the peasantry in their struggle against the state.
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How were the lives of forest dwellers transformed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
Examine the role played by zamindars in Mughal India.
Discuss the ways in which panchayats and village headmen regulated rural society.
On an outline map of the world, mark the areas which had economic links with the Mughal Empire, and trace out possible routes of communication.
Visit a neighbouring village. Find out how many people live there, which crops are grown, which animals are raised, which artisanal groups reside
there, whether women own land, how the local panchayat functions. Compare this information with what you have learnt about the sixteenth-
seventeenth centuries, noting similarities and differences. Explain both the changes and the continuities that you find.
How were the village artisans compensated by the villagers for their services? Write about any one.
How did the zamindars derive their power during the Mughal period? Mention any two ways.
What was Jati Panchayat? State any two of its functions.
Why had an artificial system of irrigation to be devised in India during sixteenth and seventeenth centuries ? Mention one such system.
Define the following terms : Polaj and Parati lands.
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