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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Question
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(a) How will you convert the following? 

(i) Propanone to Propan-2-ol

(ii) Ethanal to 2-hydroxy propanoic acid

(iii) Toluene to benzoic acid


(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between:

(i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(ii) Ethanal and Propanal

Answer

(a)

(i) Propanone to Propan-2-ol

 

(ii) Ethanal to 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid

 

 

(iii) Toluene to benzoic acid.

 

 

(b)

(i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

 

 

By Iodoform Test

Pentan-2-one being a methyl ketone when treated with NaOI (I2/NaOH) gives yellow precipitate of iodoform but pentan-3-one does not.

 

 

(ii) Ethanal and Propanal

 

 

By Iodoform test

Ethanal containing group CH3-C=O linked to H, reacts with I2/NaOH (or NaOI) to give yellow precipitate of iodoform but propanal does not contain group CH3-C=O linked to H or C and hence does not react with I2/NaOH to give yellow precipitate.

 

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Some More Questions From Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Chapter

Write the structures of products of the following reactions:


    

Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their boiling points:
CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH, CH3OCH3, CH3CH2CH3.

Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their reactivity in nucleophilic addition reactions:    
Ethanal, Propanal, Propanone, Butanone.

Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their reactivity in nucleophilic addition reactions:    
Benzaldehyde, p-Tolualdehyde, p-Nitrobenzaldehyde, Acetophenone.

Predict the products of the following reactions:

Predict the products of the following reactions:

Predict the products of the following reactions:

Predict the products of the following reactions: