The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in presence of alcoholic KOH alkenes are major products. Explain.

Solution

Aqueous KOH contains only OH^-ions, which acts as nucleophile and these bring about hydrolysis of alkyl chlorides to the corresponding alcohol.

RCl space space plus stack OH to the power of minus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis space with left parenthesis only space nucleophile space present right parenthesis below rightwards arrow with Hydrolysis on top space ROH plus Cl to the power of minus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis

On the other hand, alcoholic KOH contains ethoxide ions (C₂H₅O^–), which are more basic than OH ions. Consequently, the ethoxide ions preferentially brings about dehydro halogenation to form alkenes e.g.,

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Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in presence of alcoholic KOH alkenes are major products. Explain.

Some More Questions From Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Chapter

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:

i) A single monochloride.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:

i)Three isomeric monochlorides.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:
Four isomeric monochlorides.

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Arrange each set of compounds in order of increasing boiling points:
Bromomethane, Bromoform, Chloro-methane, Dibromomethane.

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Entrance Exams Preparation

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Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in presence of alcoholic KOH alkenes are major products. Explain.

Some More Questions From Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Chapter

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:i) A single monochloride.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:i)Three isomeric monochlorides.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:Four isomeric monochlorides.

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

Arrange each set of compounds in order of increasing boiling points:Bromomethane, Bromoform, Chloro-methane, Dibromomethane.

Mock Test Series

NCERT Sample Papers

Entrance Exams Preparation

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:

i) A single monochloride.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:

i)Three isomeric monochlorides.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:
Four isomeric monochlorides.

Arrange each set of compounds in order of increasing boiling points:
Bromomethane, Bromoform, Chloro-methane, Dibromomethane.