NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Home+science Politics In India Since Independence Chapter 3 Politics Of Planned Development

• It was a blueprint for India’s economic future.
• It supported state-ownership of industry.
• It was made by some leading industrialists.
• It supported strongly the idea of planning.

• Planning
• Liberalisation
• Cooperative Farming
• Self sufficiency

(a) the Bombay plan (c) experiences of the Soviet bloc countries

(b) Gandhian vision of society (d) Demand by peasant organisations

• (b) and (d) only
• (a) and (b) only
• (d) and (c) only
• all the above

“In the early years of Independence, two contradictory tendencies were already well advanced inside the Congress party. On the one hand, the national party executive endorsed socialist principles of state ownership, regulat ion and control over key sectors of the economy in order to improve productivity and at the same time curb economic concentration. On the other hand, the national Congress government pursued liberal economic policies and incentives to private investment that was justified in terms of the sole criterion of achieving maximum increase in production. ” — Francine Frankel

(a) What is the contradiction that the author is talking about ? What would be the political implications of a contradiction like this ?

(b) If the author is correct, why is it that the Congress was pursuing this policy ? Was it related to the nature of the opposition parties ?

(c) Was there also a contradiction between the central leadership of the Congress party and its State level leaders ?