Wave Optics
On a hot summer night, the refractive index of air is smallest near the ground and increases with height from the ground. When a light beam is directed horizontally, the Huygens’ principle leads us to conclude that as it travels, the light beam:
goes horizontally without any deflection
bends downwards
bends upwards
becomes narrower
D.
becomes narrower
According to Shell's law,
μ sinθ = constant
sin θ ∝ 1/μ
as μ increases, θ decreases.
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