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Challenges of Nation Building
Analyse the two political developments of 1940s that lead to the decision for the creation of Pakistan.
Two political developments in 1940s:-
i) The political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League. ii) The ‘two nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League
ii) The British role and policy of divide and rule.
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“In the history of nation-building only the Soviet experiment bears comparison with the Indian. There too, a sense of unity had to be forged between many diverse ethnic groups, religious, linguistic communities and social classes. The scale – geographic as well as demographic – was comparably massive. The raw material the state had to work with was equally unpropitious : a people divided by faith and driven by debt and disease. ”
—Ramachandra Guha
(a) List the commonalities that the author mentions between India and Soviet Union and give one example for each of these from India.
(b) The author does not talk about dissimilarities between the two experiments. Can you mention two dissimilarities ?
(c) In retrospect which of these two experiments worked better and why ?
“According to the ________ advanced by the ______-,India consisted of not
one but ________ people, _______ and Muslims.
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