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Challenges of Nation Building
Question
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Describe the external and internal disputes responsible for making the politics of
Jammu and Kashmir continuously controversial.

Answer

 External Dispute
(i) Pakistan’s claim on Kashmir.
(ii) Pakistan has illegally occupied part of Kashmir known as Pak Occupied Kashmir (POK) and calls it Azad Kashmir, which is part of India.
(iii) Training camps for militants in POK and support to militancy within J&K. 
Internal Dispute

(i) Status of Kashmir within the Indian Union. 
(ii) Special status of J&K under Article.370 
(iii) Two views :
(a) People outside J&K believe that Article 370 does not allow full integration of the state with India.
(b) Within J&K people believe that the demand for plebisite has not been fulfilled, special status has been eroded, democracy not properly institutionalized as in the rest of India.

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Some More Questions From Challenges of Nation Building Chapter

What are the reasons being used by Nehru for keeping India secular ? Do you think these reasons were only ethical and sentimental ? Or were there some prudential reasons as well ?

Bring out two major differences between the challenge of nation building for eastern and western regions of the country at the time of independence.

What was the task of the States Reorganisation Commission ? What was its most salient recommendation ?

It is said that the nation is to a large extent an “imagined community” held together by common beliefs, history, political aspirations and imaginations. Identify the features that make India a nation.

Read the following passage and answer the questions below:

“In the history of nation-building only the Soviet experiment bears comparison with the Indian. There too, a sense of unity had to be forged between many diverse ethnic groups, religious, linguistic communities and social classes. The scale – geographic as well as demographic – was comparably massive. The raw material the state had to work with was equally unpropitious : a people divided by faith and driven by debt and disease. ”

—Ramachandra Guha

(a) List the commonalities that the author mentions between India and Soviet Union and give one example for each of these from India.

(b) The author does not talk about dissimilarities between the two experiments. Can you mention two dissimilarities ?

(c) In retrospect which of these two experiments worked better and why ?

Which famous speech did Jawaharlal Nehru deliver in 1947 and where? 

What was borne by India with its independence ?

Fill in the blanks:

“According to the ________ advanced by the ______-,India consisted of not

one but ________ people, _______ and Muslims.

What was percentage of Muslim population in India in 1951 ?

Name the political organisation that was formed to protect the interest of the Muslims in colonial India.