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India’s External Relations
Question
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Analyze the impact on Sino-Indian Relations since 1962 onwards.

Answer

Sino-Indian Relations since 1962
 It took more than a decade for India-China to resume normal relations.
 Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the first top leader (the Foreign Minister) to visit China in 1979.
 Later, Rajiv Gandhi, them PM also visited China in 1988.

 Since then, the emphasis is more on improving relations and trade with China.
 Bilateral agreements have been signed on cultural exchanges and
cooperation in science and technology.
 Talks to resolve the boundary questions have continued without
interruption and military-to-military cooperation is increasing.
 Indian and Chinese leaders and officials visit Beijing and New Delhi with greater frequency.
 Increasing transport & communication links/opening of border
posts/adoption of similar policies in international economic institutions like
WTO is helping to establish a more positive relationship.
 China was seen as contributing to the buildup of Pakistan’s nuclear
programme.
 China’s military relations with Bangladesh and Myanmar were viewed as hostile to India’s interest in South Asia.

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Some More Questions From India’s External Relations Chapter

 Match the following :

Why did Nehru regard conduct of foreign relations as an essential indicator of independence ? State any two reasons with examples to support your reading.

“The conduct of foreign affairs is an outcome of a two-way interaction between domestic compulsions and prevailing international climate”. Take one example from India’s external relations in the 1960s to substantiate your answer.

Identify any two aspects of India’s foreign policy that you would like to retain and two that you would like to change, if you were to become a decision maker. Give reasons to support your position.

Write short notes on the following :

(a) India’s Nuclear policy

(b) Consensus in foreign policy matters.

India’s foreign policy was built around the principles of peace and cooperation. But India fought three wars in a space of ten years between 1962 and 1972. Would you say that this was a failure of the foreign policy ? Or would you say that this was a result of international situation ? Give reasons to support your answer.

Does India’s foreign policy reflect her desire to be an important regional power ? Argue your case with the Bangladesh war of 1971 as an example.

How does political leadership of a nation affect its foreign policy ? Explain this with the help of examples from India’s foreign policy.

Read this passage and answer the questions below :

“Broadly, non-alignment means not tying yourself off with military blocs... It means trying to view things, as far as possible, not from the military point of view, though that has to come in sometimes, but independently, and trying to maintain friendly relations with all countries. ” —Jawaharlal Nehru

(a) Why does Nehru want to keep off military blocs ?

(b) Do you think that the Indo-Soviet friendship treaty violated the principle of non-alignment ? Give reasons for your answer.

(c) If there were no military blocs, do you think non-alignment would have been unnecessary ?

Which concerns were reflected in India’s foreign policy after independence ?