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The Crisis of Democratic Order
‘Was the declaration of emergency in 1975 necessary?’ Support your answer with any three suitable arguments.
Or
Explain any three lessons learnt from the emergency imposed in 1975.
Yes, the declaration of Emergency in 1975 was necessary.
Arguments:
(i) Internal disturbances and agitations in the country.
(ii) Grave crises had arisen which made the proclamation necessary.
(iii) Political mood of the country had turned hostile.
Or
Lesson learnt from Emergency:
(i) One lesson of Emergency is that it is extremely difficult to do away with democracy in India.
(ii) It brought out some ambiguities regarding the Emergency provisions in the Constitution that have been rectified since.
(iii) Emergency made every one more aware of the value of civil liberties.
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Indian democracy was never so close to a two-party system as it was during the 1977 elections. However, the next few years saw a complete change. Soon after its defeat, the Indian National Congress split into two groups ................ The Janata Party also went through major convulsions ........ David Butler, Ashok Lahiri and Prannoy Roy. –Partha Chatterjee
(a) What made the party system in India look like a two-party system in 1977 ?
(b) Many more than two parties existed in 1977. Why then are the authors describing this period as close to a two-party system ?
(c) What caused splits in Congress and the Janata parties ?
‘In the background of the ruling of the ______ Court in the ________ case, an amendment was made declaring that elections of ________,________ and Vice President could not be challenged in the court’.
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