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Recent Developments in Indian politics
There have been nine governments at the Centre since 1989, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties which did not join the government. In this phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front (1989), the United Front (1996 and 1997), the NDA (1997), BJP-led coalition government (1998), NDA (1999) and the present UPA (2004 and 2009).
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Party politics in India has confronted numerous challenges. Not only has the Congress system destroyed itself, but the fragmentation of the Congress coalition has triggered a new emphasis on self-representation which raises questions about the pary system and its capacity to accommodate diverse interests.....An important test facing the polity is to evolve a party system or political parties that can effectively articulate and aggregate a variety of interests. —Zoya Hasan
(a) Write a short note on what the author calls challenges of the party system in the light of what you have read in this chapter.
(b) Give an example from this chapter of the lack of accommodation and aggrigation mentioned in this passage.
(c) Why is it necessary for parties to accommodate and aggregate variety of interests ?
‘1989 elections marked the end of what the political scientists have called the ________.”
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