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The Crisis of Democratic Order
Question
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Examine Article 352 of the Constitution of India.

Answer

Under the provision of the Article 352 of the Constitution, the government can declare a state of Emergency on grounds of external threat or a threat of internal disturbances.

The federal distribution of powers remains practically suspended and all the powers are concrentrated  in the hands of the union government.

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Some More Questions From The Crisis of Democratic Order Chapter

State whether the following statements regarding the Emergency are correct or incorrect:

Find the odd one out in the context of proclamation of Emergency :

Match the following :

What were the reasons which led to the mid-term elections in 1980 ?

The Shah Commission was appointed in 1977 by the Janata Party Government. Why was it appointed and what were its findings ?

What reasons did the Government give for declaring a National Emergency in 1975 ?

The 1977 elections for the first time saw the Opposition coming into power at the Centre. What would you consider as the reasons for this development ?

Discuss the effects of Emergency on the following aspects of our polity :

• Effects on civil liberties for citizens.

• Impact on relationship between the Executive and Judiciary.

• Functioning of Mass Media.

• Working of the Police and Bureaucracy.

In what way did the imposition of Emergency affect the party system in India ? Elaborate your answer with examples.

Read the passage and answer the questions below :

Indian democracy was never so close to a two-party system as it was during the 1977 elections. However, the next few years saw a complete change. Soon after its defeat, the Indian National Congress split into two groups ................ The Janata Party also went through major convulsions ........ David Butler, Ashok Lahiri and Prannoy Roy. –Partha Chatterjee

(a) What made the party system in India look like a two-party system in 1977 ?

(b) Many more than two parties existed in 1977. Why then are the authors describing this period as close to a two-party system ?

(c) What caused splits in Congress and the Janata parties ?