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Peace
Question
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Differentiate between the major approaches, discussed in the chapter, to the establishment of peace in the world.

Answer

The major approaches for the establishment of peace in the world are discussed below:

(i)The first approach accords centrality to states, respects their sovereignty, and treats competition among them as a fact of life. Its main concern is with the proper management of this competition, and with the containment of possible conflict through inter-state arrangements like ‘balance of power’.

(ii)The second approach too grants the deep-rooted nature of interstate rivalry. But it stresses the positive presence and possibilities of interdependence. It underscores the growing social and economic cooperation among nations. Such cooperation is expected to temper state sovereignty and promote international understanding.

(iii)The third considers the state system to be a passing phase of human history. It envisages the emergence of a supra-national order and sees the fostering of a global community as the surest guarantee of peace. The seeds of such a community are found in the expanding interactions and coalitions across state boundaries that involve diverse non-governmental actors like multinational corporations and people’s movements.

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Some More Questions From Peace Chapter

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Describe with an example the rise of terrorism as a response to aggressive states.

'The contemporary preoccupation with peace can be traced to the atrocities of the twentieth century, which resulted in the death of millions of human beings'. Examine.

Discuss how the contemporary era has witnessed the rise of numerous popular initiatives aimed at fostering peace.

'The global community has failed to curb the rapacity of the domineering powers and the guerrilla tactics of the terrorists'. Analyse.

Describe Gandhi's idea of non violence.

“The post-Second World War (1939-1945) decades (1945-1990) were marked by intense rivalry between two superpowes'. Examine the statement.

Describe Civil disobedience as a major mode of struggle with examples.

Mention the three distinct approaches which have shaped the strategies used for the pursuit and maintenance of peace.

Write a note on Pacifism.