Constitution: Why and How?
The Japanese Constitution was made when the US army occupation was still in control of Japan after its defeat in the Second World War(1939-1945). The Japanese Constitution could not have had any provision that the US government did not like. It was due to the fact that'constitution' is a compact document or set of documents that seeks to perform the functions that depend on the interests of the rulers or the interest of the authority in an occupied country. But in the democratic country a constitution expresses the fundamental identity of a people, it gives everyone in society some reason to go along with its provisions.
The Indian Constitution was made by the Constituent Assembly which had been elected for undivided India. It held its first sitting on 9 December, 1946 and reassembled as Constituent Assembly for divided India on 14 August 1947. India aspires to be a society free of caste discrimination.
The framers of the Indian Constitution thought that each individual in the society should have all that is necessary for them to lead a life of social dignity and social self respect, minimum material well being, education, etc.
It was thought that the constitution should be such to enable the government to fulfil the aspirations of the society. The people as a collective entity come into being only through the basic constitution.
The Constitution of India established a federation with unitary bias. A powerful and independent judiciary was established. Bicamera llegislature was adopted. Constitution has clearly distributed the powers between the centre and the states. Indian citizens have been provided with six fundamental rights and some directions have been given to the Central and the state governments.
The Constituent Assembly had debated many questions that were relevant to the making ofthe constitution. Our constitutional framers have laid down such a rules and regulations which provide equalities of all sorts i.e. political, socialand legal. The untouchability has been declared as illegal and a punishable affence. Answers forged in those debates were given their final formin the constitution. Indian Constitution is not merely a maze of rules and procedures but a moral commitment to establish a government that willfulfil many promises that the nationalist movement held before the people.
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What is the fourth important function of a constitution?
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What are the four main ideals enshrinedin the Preamble to the Indian Constitution.
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How do you think that India is aSocialist State? Give reasons.
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