Describe any three steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.  

OR
 

Describe any three changes that came  in the life of Vietnamese after the colonisation of Vietnam by the French. 

 

The nationalist movement in Indo China

The French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that created a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.

1. The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.

2. A new French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the former royal standard.

3. The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
OR

French's control over Vietnam affected all aspects of the life of the Vietnamese. The most visible impact was witnessed on the field of economy and defence. However, culture too was deeply impacted. The French established control over the education system of Vietnam to consolidate its control.

1. Economic- For French, colonies were necessary to provide natural resources and other goods. The Vietnamese economy was based on rice cultivation and rubber plantation to meet the French needs. Labours were hired on contracts, gradually landlordism became well entrenched and standard of living declined. To suit the French requirements for easy transportation of goods massive infrastructure projects, rail networks were established.
2. Religion- The French in order to consolidate its control and authority wanted to exercise cultural and social domination and influence. One such way was to introduce Christianity in Vietnam , establish Christian Missionaries and encourage conversions.
3. Education- The French in order to civilize the natives, introduced modern education and dismantled the traditional education system in Vietnam. They followed the policy of discrimination against the Vietnamese students, of deliberately failing students. The education system glorified French rule.