Describe various methods used to control the human population.

The methods used for regulation of child birth are:
(i) Barrier Method: In this method physical devices like condom, cervical caps and diaphragm are used to prevent sperms to reach up to the ovum.
(ii) Chemical Method: In this method specific drugs are used by females. These drugs may be (a) oral pills or (b) vaginal pills. Oral pills mainly contain hormones and are called oral contraceptives.
(iii) Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices (IUCDs): IUCD like Copper-T is placed safely in the uterus by a skilled doctor. IUCDs prevent implantation of the fertilized ovum inside the uterus.
(iv) Surgical Method: This method is applicable to both male and female. In males, a small portion of vas deferens and the fallopian tube in female is surgically removed or ligated (tied). It is known as vasectomy in males which prevents release of sperms from the testes. In females, it is called tubectomy.