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Control and Coordination
Distinguish clearly between the following terms by giving suitable examples:
(a) Acid and Alkali
(b) Organic acid and Mineral acid
(c) Base and Alkali.
(a) Distinguish between Acid and Alkali
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Acid |
Alkali |
|
1. The compound formed by the reaction of |
1. The hydroxide of metals which dissolve in |
|
acidic oxide with water is called acid. |
water are known as alkalies. |
|
Examples: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4. |
Examples: NaOH, KOH, NH4OH. |
(b) Distinguish between Organic acid and Mineral acid
|
Organic Acid |
Mineral Acid |
|
1. Organic acid contains — COOH functional group. |
1. Mineral acid contains hydrogen ion (H+). |
|
2. These acids are weak. Examples: Ethanoic acid, Lactic acid, citric acid. |
2. These acids are strong. Examples: Hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid. |
(c) Distinguish between Base and Alkali
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Base |
Alkali |
|
1. A base is defined as a substance which contains hydroxyl group. Examples: NaOH, KOH, Al(OH)3. |
1. The hydroxide of metal which dissolves in water, is known as alkali. Examples: NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2 etc. |
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Take 5 ml hydrochloric acid in a boiling tube or a conical flask. Add a few pieces of zinc granules to it.
(a) What do you observe on the surface of zinc granules?
(b) Name the gas evolved.
(c) What happens when the above gas is passed through soap solution?
(d) What happens when a burning candle is brought near the gas filled tube?
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