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Control and Coordination
Question
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What is pH scale? How is it calibrated?

Answer

pH scale is the scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. pH scale is calibrated from 0 (zero)—very acidic to 14—very alkaline. Values less than 7 represents an acidic solution and more than 7 represents an alkaline solution. Neutral solution has a pH equal to 7.

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Some More Questions From Control and Coordination Chapter

What are indicators? Name four acid-base indicators and mention their colour change.

What are antacids?

What are olfactory indicators?

You are given the following solutions:

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [(Ca(OH)2], potassium hydroxide (KOH), magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Give the colour change for each of these solutions with red litmus, blue litmus, phenolphthalein and methyl orange solutions.

Choose the olfactory indicators and give their characteristics: red cabbage extract, onion, vanilla extract, litmus, clove oil.

What do you understand by concentrated and dilute acids?

How do metals react with bases?

What is a neutralization reaction? Give some examples.

What are non-metallic oxides? Substantiate your answer.

Take 5 ml hydrochloric acid in a boiling tube or a conical flask. Add a few pieces of zinc granules to it.

(a) What do you observe on the surface of zinc granules?
(b) Name the gas evolved.
(c) What happens when the above gas is passed through soap solution?
(d) What happens when a burning candle is brought near the gas filled tube?