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Nutrition in Animals
Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.
Cellulose is a type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants and not by humans. Ruminants have a large sac-like structure between small and large intestine where the food containing cellulose is digested by the action of certain bacteria. On the other hand, humans cannot digest cellulose, as the cellulose digesting enzymes are absent in them.
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Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are __________, __________, ___________, __________ and __________
(b) The largest gland in the human body is __________.
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and ________ juices which act on food.
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called __________.
(e) Amoeba digests its food in the __________.
Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. (T/F)
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. (T/F)
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. (T/F)
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time. (T/F)
Match the items of Column I with those given in Column II:
| Column I | Column II |
| Food components | Product(s) of digestion |
| Carbohydrates | Fatty acids and glycerol |
| Proteins | Sugar |
| Fats | Amino acids |
What are villi? What is their location and function?
Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?
Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.
Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Which part of the digestive canal is involved in:
(i) absorption of food ____.
(ii) chewing of food ____.
(iii) killing of bacteria ____.
(iv) complete digestion of food ____.
(v) formation of faeces ____.
Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in Amoeba and human beings.
Match the items of Column I with suitable items in Column II
|
- |
Column I |
- |
Column II |
|
(a) |
Salivary gland |
(i) |
Bile juice secretion |
|
(b) |
Stomach |
(ii) |
Storage of undigested food |
|
(c) |
Liver |
(iii) |
Saliva secretion |
|
(d) |
Rectum |
(iv) |
Acid release |
|
(e) |
Small intestine |
(v) |
Digestion is completed |
|
(f) |
Large intestine |
(vi) |
Absorption of water |
|
- |
- |
(vii) |
Release of faeces |
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