Give four differences between transverse and longitudinal waves. 

Transverse waves

Longitudinal waves

1. In transverse waves, the particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. 

1. In longitudinal waves, the particles of the medium vibrate along the direction of wave motion.

2. These waves travel in the form of alternate crest and troughs.

2. These waves travel in the form of alternate compressions and rarefactions.

3. These waves can be transmitted through solids or over liquid surfaces. 

3. These waves can be transmitted through all the three types of media, viz., solids, liquids and gases.

4. They do not cause pressure changes in the medium through which they pass. 

4. They cause changes in the pressure of the different parts of the medium through which they pass. 

5. Examples:
(i) Waves formed over water surface,
(ii) Waves in stretched strings.

5. Examples:
(i) Sound waves in air,
(ii) Waves formed along a compressed spring.