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The Fundamental Unit of Life
Question
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How does Bohr’s model of atom explain characteristic spectra of different atoms and ionisation of gases in the discharge tube experiment?

Answer

In Bohr's model of atom, the electrons can occupy orbits with discrete energy levels only. Thus, when an electron falls from a higher energy level to a lower one, the difference in energy is radiated in the form of electromagnetic radiation of a fixed wavelength only. Since each atom has its specific energy levels, it can emit radiations of specific wavelength. This explains why different atoms give different or characteristic atomic spectra.

When the electron is so excited due to external energy that it is able to overcome force between it and the positively charged nucleus, it comes out of the atom. This explains the formation of cathode rays in the discharge tube. This is also known as ionization of gases.

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Some More Questions From The Fundamental Unit of Life Chapter

If Z = 3, what would be the valency of the element? Also, name the element.

Composition of the nuclei of two atomic species X and Y are given as under


                              X        Y
Protons  =                6        6
Neutrons=                6        6

Give the mass numbers of X and Y. What is the relation between the two species?

For the following statements, write T for True and F for False.

(a) J.J. Thomson proposed that the nucleus of an atom contains only nucleons.

(b) A neutron is formed by an electron and a proton combining together. Therefore, it is neutral.

(c) The mass of an electron is about 1/2000 times that of proton.

(d) An isotope of iodine is used for making tincture iodine, which is used as a medicine.

Rutherford’s α-particle scattering experiment was responsible for the discovery of

Isotope of an element has

Number of valence electrons in Cl- ion are

Which one of the following is a correct ? Electronic configuration of sodium

(a) 2, 8,2 (b) 8, 2, 1 (c) 2, 1, 8 (d) 2, 8, 1.

Complete the following Table:


Atomic number

Mass number

Number of neutrons

Number of protons

Number of electrons

Name of the atomic species

9

-

10

-

-

-

16

32

-

-

-

Sulphur

-

24

-

12

-

-

-

2

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

0

-

How do you establish that matter is electrical in nature?