The Market as a Social Institution
How does a sociological prospective on markets differ from an economic one?
Difference between sociological and economic perspective on markets:
(i) Economy approach is aimed at understanding and explaining how markets work in modern capitalist economies while sociological approach is based on the phenomenon of adherence of interests of society or all people to the looking after judicious way of an individual interest. Father of economics viz. Adam Smith himself has called this phenomenon or force as “invisible hand'. He has angued that society overall benefits when individuals pursue their own self-interest in the market because it stimulates the economy and creates more wealth. Thus, sociological perspective observed markets as social institution.
(ii) Economic perspective assumes economies/economy as a separate part of society because it has its own laws to guide. However, sociologists have attempted to develop an alternative way of studying economic institutions and processes within the larger social framework.
(iii) Economic prospects do study upon individual buyers and sellers and supports economic philosophy or laissez-faire (i.e. noninterference of government in private enterprises) or free market while sociologists view markets specific cultural formation of social institutions. According to them, markets are often controlled by particular social groups or classes and they have specific connections to other institutions, social processes and structures. They say economies composing markets are socially embedded.
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What are some of the processes included under the label globalisation?
What is meant by liberalisation?
In your opinion will the long term benefits of liberalisation exceed its costs? Give reasons for your answer.
How can you state that markets are nothing else but a kind of social organisation?
What is kinship? Discuss the functions of kinship in Indian society.
Discuss the positive and the negative impacts of globalisation.
Discuss the emergence of new market during colonial India.
How is capitalism a social system pushed in the alley of commodification?
What is commodification or commoditisation? Explain.
Discuss the rise of middle class in the phase of globalisation in India with reference to causes of rise and growth including positive and negative prospects of Indian society framework.
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