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The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society
Read the following data showing declining trend in Sex-Ratio for all age groups and that of child sex-ratio during the 20th century in India and answer the questions that follow—
The Declining Sex-Ratio in India, 1901-2001
|
Year |
Sex-ratio (All age groups) |
Variation over previous decase |
Child-sex ratio (0-6 year) |
Variation over previous decade |
|
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 |
972 964 995 950 945 946 941 930 934 927 933 |
__ -8 -9 -5 -5 +1 -5 -11 +4 -7 +6 |
__ __ __ __ __ __ 976 964 962 945 927 |
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ -12 -2 -17 -18 |
Sex-ratio = number of females per 1000 males.
(i) Why has been the column of child-sex ratio left blank upto 1961 CE in this table?
(ii) What may be the reason for growth in sex ratio (all age groups) in 2001 CE?
(iii) Find out why would child sex ratio have declined 18 point when sex ratio (all age groups) had increased to 6 points in 2001?
(iv) Mention why the trends of the last four decades have been worrying?
(i) It is because prior to that decade it was generally believed that in this age group sex ratio runs always higher hence, this ratio was not recorded upto the decade of 1961 CE.
(ii) Perhaps, due of globalisation of economy, MNCs entered in India and opened their offices as also B.P.O segments here since 1990 onwards and females got bumper opportunities for employment in them. Thus, atrocities upon women were reduced to minimum. Moreover, certain legislations like Indian Succesion (Amendment) Acts were passed, women's participation in legislative assemblies and Parliament advocated during that phase of time. The communicative effect of these activities was enumerated and observed in 2001's census.
(iii) It was because new technology in medical science i.e., sonogram had been developed and used frequently to identify sex of the foetus and female foetuses were destroyed through abortion techniques.
(iv) It is because the sex ratio had fallen from 941 in 1961 to an all time low of 927 in 1991 CE.
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What does Emile Durkheim state in a report after survey of different countries in the world?
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What problems have in India because of over-population?
Who was Thomas Robert Malthus and why is he famous?
What does Malthus write in an essay on the principle of population, 1798 CE?
What are the chief characteristics of Malthusian theory of population growth?
How were Malthus's predictions proved false by the end of the first quarter of the twentieth century in Europe?
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