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Changing Cultural Traditions
1. They raised objection against the luxurious and immoral life of the Churchmen.
2. The reformers also objected the undesirable methods of extracting money from the common man.
3. They objected to the practice of selling the offices of the Church to inefficient, immoral and corrupt persons.
4. They protested the Pope's authority to raise such taxes and fees as would make the Pope and his Bishops to live in luxury.
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What do you understand by the term 'Humanism'?
State the main factors that helped in the growth of Nation-States in Europe.
Mention the points of the success of Nation-States.
Who was believed to be the inventor of the Printing Press? Which was the first printed book in Europe ?
Write a brief note on Leonardo-da-vinci.
Describe the beginning of modern physiology.
Why was the observation of Copernicus was controversial? Why was it believed later?
What do you know about 'Protestant Reformation'?
State any three effects of the Reformation Movement.
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