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The Central Islamic Lands
Question
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Why the hostility towards the Muslim world became more pronounced in the 11th century? Discuss the event that followed. 

Answer

Normans, Hungarians and some slaves had been converted to Christianity, and the Muslims alone remained as the main enemy. There was also a change in the social and economic orgainsation of western Europe in the eleventh century which contributed to the hostility between Christendom and the Islamic world.

The clergy and the warrior class (the first two orders-see Themes 6) were making efforts to ensure political stability as well as economic growth based on agriculture and trade. The possibilities of military confrontation between competing feudal principalities and a return to economic organisation based on plunder were contained by the Peace of God movement.

All military violence was forbidden inside certain areas, near places of worship, during certain periods considered sacred in the Church’s calendar, and against certain vulnerable social groups, such as churchmen and the common people.

The Peace of God deflected the aggressive tendencies of feudal society away from the Christian world and towards the ‘enemies’ of God. It built a climate in which fighting against the infidels (non-believers) became not only permissible but also commendable.

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Some More Questions From The Central Islamic Lands Chapter

What is 'Aramaic'?

What do you know about tribes in Islamic land? 

Where was Muhammad forced to migrate? 

What do you know about the Dome of the Rock?

What do you know about the Great Mosque of al-Mutawwakli? 

What was the effect of Muhammad's death? 

What do you know about the great mosque of al-Mutawwakil in Samarra?

Note down the verse which was inscribed on a Mosque lamp.

High Light the contribution of the Arabs to the World Civilisation.

Describe the Arabs for being successful in building up a vast empire in less than a hundred years.