Money And Banking

Question

Give narrow definition and broad definition of money.

Answer

Narrow and broad definitions of money. H.G. Johnson has classified definition of money into narrow definition and broad definition.
1.    Narrow definition of money (M = C + DD). It is based on ‘medium of payment’ function only. It is narrow definition of money when money is identified with medium of payment function only and its other functions are overlooked. Thus anything which is used as medium of payment is included in narrow definition of money (M). Accordingly it includes currency (C) and demand deposits (DD). Thus M = C + DD (this is also known as traditional approach to constituents of money supply).
2.    Broad definition of money (M = C + DD + TD + SD). It is broad definition of money when scope of money is extended to include ‘store of value’ function in addition to medium of exchange function. These have a high degree of moneyness or liquidity and are widely used as store of value. In addition to currency and demand deposits, (i.e. narrow money), items like ‘time deposits (TD) and savings deposits (SD) at banks and post offices’ are also included in broad money because such financial assets have a high degree of moneyness or liquidity which can be converted in to demand deposits/cheques on a short notice. Thus M = C + DD + TD + SD (this is also known as Modern Approach to constituents of money supply).

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