Discuss the reasons for uneven distribution of rainfall in India.

Reasons for uneven distribution of rainfall in India :

(i) Heavy rainfall is recorded in hill and forest areas because of altitude and dense forests which make the atmosphere cool and force the raindrops fall. E.g. Assam, the Ganga Delta, the Western Ghats, the Western Coastal regions.

(ii) Areas without elevated mountains only receive scanty rainfall because of their failure to strike against rainbearing clouds (winds) of the monsoon seasons. E.g. Scanty rainfall in Rajasthan due to Aravallis range of mountains.

(iii) Areas falling in the rain shadow or leeward sides receive sparse rainfall. E.g. Eastern side of the Western Ghats or Ladakh.

(iv) Areas falling first in the way of the rain bearing winds receive more rainfall as compared to the areas falling the last. E.g. Kolkata falls first in the way of Bay of Bengal branch of monsoon therefore, it receives more rainfalls than Delhi.