Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature
In January, the isotherms deviate to the north over the ocean and to the south over the continents. This can be seen on the North Atlantic Ocean. The presence of warm ocean current, Gulf stream and North Atlantic drift make the North Atlantic ocean warmer and the isotherms bend towards the north. Over the land the temperature decreases sharply and the isotherms bend towards south in Europe. The effect of the ocean is quite evident in the Southern Hemisphere. Here the isotherms are more or less parallel to the latitudes and the variation in temperature is more gradual than in the Northern Hemisphere. The isotherm of 20°C, 10°C and 0°C run parallel to 35°S, 45°S and 60°S latitudes, respectively.
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