What is ‘Test tube baby’ ? 

Or

Describe test tube baby programme. 

In the Test Tube Baby programmes,  ovum from the wife or a donor female and the sperms from the husband or a donor are collected and allowed to fuse under simulated conditions in the laboratory to form zygote; it is called In-vitro fertilisation (IVF). The zygote or early embryo is transferred into the uterus or fallopian tube for further development; this process is called Embryo Transfer (ET) and can be done in the following ways :

(i) The zygote or embryo upto eight blastomeres is transferred into the fallopian tube;this process is called Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT).

(ii) Embryos with more than eight blastomeres are transferred into the uterus by the process called Intra Uterine Transfer (IUT).