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Morphology of Flowering Plants
Explain with suitable examples the different types of phyllotaxy.
Phyllotaxy refers to the pattern or arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch of a plant. It is usually of three types:
(i) Alternate: In alternate phyllotaxy, a single leaf arises from the node of a branch. This type of phyllotaxy is observed in the sunflower, mustard, and peepal.
(ii) Opposite: In this type the plants has two leaves arising from the node in opposite directions. It is found in guava.
(iii) Whorled: Plants with whorled phyllotaxy have three or more leaves arising from the node. It is found in Alstonia.
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Define the following terms:
(e) superior ovary
Define the following terms:
perigynous flower
Define the following terms:
epipetalous stamen
Define the following terms:
(a) Racemose and cymose inflorescence
Define the following terms:
(b) Fibrous root and adventitious root
Define the following terms:
(c) Apocarpous and syncarpous ovary
Draw the labelled diagram of the following:
(i) Gram seed (ii) V.S. of maize seed
Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.
Take one flower each of the families Fabaceae and Solanaceae and write its semi-technical description. Also draw their floral diagram after studying them.
Describe the various types of placentations found in flowering plants.
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