Chemistry in Everyday Life

Question

Why do drugs design to cure some ailment in one organ in the body not affect the other parts? Explain with an example.

Answer

Receptors that interact with one specific chemical messenger may differ slightly in their bonding sites. For example, there are two types of adrenergic receptors namely named as α-adrenergic receptors and β-adrenergic receptors. These differ slightly in the structure of their binding sites, but both of these receptors can bind epinephrine. The receptors are not distributed evenly around the body. For example, the heart has more β-than α-adrenergic receptors. This means a drug designed to interact with β-adrenergic receptors will on heart rather than on tissues which are rich in α-adrenergic receptors.

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