Polymers

Question

How is phenol-formaldehyde resin prepared? How can it be converted into bakelite?

Answer

When p-hydroxymethyl phenols react with phenol to form compounds, having rings joined to each other through -CH2 groups. This the know as Novolac.
Novolac on heating with formaldehyde undergoes cross-linking to form an infusible solid mass called bakelite.

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