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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
What is hydrogen bond? How is it formed?
A hydrogen bond can be defined as the attractive force which binds hydrogen atom of one molecule with the electronegative atom (F, O or N).
Cause of formation of Hydrogen Bond:
When hydrogen is bonded to strongly electronegative element X, the electrons pair shared between the two atoms moves far away from a hydrogen atom. As a result, the hydrogen atoms becomes highly electropositive with respect to the other atom ‘X’. Since there is displacement of electrons towards X, the hydrogen acquires fractional positive charge (δ+) while X attain fractional negative charge (δ–). This result in the formation of a polar molecule having electrostatic force of attraction which can be represented as:
This weak electrostatic attraction constitutes hydrogen bond. For example,
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What is crystal lattice?
What is electrovalency?
What bond is present in MgCl2 molecules?
Two elements A and B have the electronic configuration as:
A = 1s22s22p63s2 and B = 1s22s22p5
Write the empirical formula of the substance containing A and B.
What type of bonding would you expect between:
(i) a metal and a non-metal
(ii) a non-metal and another non-metal?
Give reasons in one or two sentences for the observation that in their compounds non-metals form anions and not cations.
Out of Na and K, which will form a more stable ionic bond?
Which will have a greater lattice enthalpy: NaCl or MgO?
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