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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Question
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What do you understand by diagonal relationship?

Answer

Certain elements resemble closely one-step down in the next higher group in the periodic table. The resemblance in properties of a member of the group and a diagonally situated element of the adjacent group is called diagonal relationship. For example, the first three elements of the second period (Li. Be. B) show diagonal similarity with elements (Mg, AI, Si) of the third period placed on the right-hand side.



Cause of diagonal relationship. The cause of the diagonal relationship is due to opposing trends in periodic properties along a period and down the group. For example,
(i) The electropositive character increases down a group and it decreases from left to right in a period. Consequently, diagonally opposite elements in the periodic table have more or less similar electropositive character and hence, in turn, have many similar properties also.
(ii) In case of metallic elements, the diagonally opposite metals possess nearly similar polarizing power [i.e. ionic charge/(ionic radius)2] because:
(a) ionic charge increases from left to right in a period and
(b) ionic radius decreases from left to right in a period but increases down a group.

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Some More Questions From Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Chapter

What are magic numbers?

Which property is the basis of long form of periodic table?

How many elements are placed in each period of the p-block?

What is the number of groups in: (i) p-block  (ii) d-block?

How many elements are present in:
(i) second period    
(ii) fourth period    
(iii) sixth period?

What is the name given to the s-block elements?

To which block the element with outer electronic configuration 4s23d10 belongs?

Why are there 10 elements in each series of d-block?

In terms of electronic configuration,
what is common in a given period and group?

Give the general electronic configuration of
(i) Transition elements     (ii) Inner transition elements.