Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the following question out of the four alternatives.

International trade represents a significant share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries.

Industrialization, advances in technology, transportation, globalization, multi-national corporations and outsourcing are all having a major impact on the international trade system, increasing international trade is crucial to the continuance of globalization. International trade is, in principle, not different from domestic as the motivation and the behaviour of parties involved in a trade do not change fundamentally regardless of whether trade is across a border or not. The main difference is that international trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. Another difference between domestic and international trade is that factors of production such as capital and labour are typically more mobile within a country than across countries.

Which one of the following has a major impact on international trade?

• Contribution to GDP

• Industrialization

• Outsourcing

• Domestic trade

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

Why are Placebos administered?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

What has the experiment confirmed?

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There is a general impression among the public that our schools and colleges educate students. That some kind of uncritical knowledge is imparted to the students is beyond any doubt. students are made to copy notes, learn them by heart, and reproduce it during examination. Those who learn by heart and reproduce it to the exact letter are considered as the best. others who do not succeed in the exercise are termed ‘failures.’ The examination results are all a grading in memory work which has nothing to do with education. An educated person is one who has developed qualities of mind and heart, and who can critically evaluate things and objectively decide the course of his action based on factual information.

The impressions that the students gather in the years of their academic life are important for their future. in fact, attitudes to life are built on what is happening in the academic institutions. The type of things that are taught, the ways and methods of communication and the mental attitudes of those who teach are primary in education. What are some of the things taught in our institutions? The first thing that the student learns is that the teacher is always right. Students do not know.

What is the impression of the author about our schools and colleges?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

There is a general impression among the public that our schools and colleges educate students. That some kind of uncritical knowledge is imparted to the students is beyond any doubt. students are made to copy notes, learn them by heart, and reproduce it during examination. Those who learn by heart and reproduce it to the exact letter are considered as the best. others who do not succeed in the exercise are termed ‘failures.’ The examination results are all a grading in memory work which has nothing to do with education. An educated person is one who has developed qualities of mind and heart, and who can critically evaluate things and objectively decide the course of his action based on factual information.

The impressions that the students gather in the years of their academic life are important for their future. in fact, attitudes to life are built on what is happening in the academic institutions. The type of things that are taught, the ways and methods of communication and the mental attitudes of those who teach are primary in education. What are some of the things taught in our institutions? The first thing that the student learns is that the teacher is always right. Students do not know.

What is the prevailing impression about schools and colleges?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

There is a general impression among the public that our schools and colleges educate students. That some kind of uncritical knowledge is imparted to the students is beyond any doubt. students are made to copy notes, learn them by heart, and reproduce it during examination. Those who learn by heart and reproduce it to the exact letter are considered as the best. others who do not succeed in the exercise are termed ‘failures.’ The examination results are all a grading in memory work which has nothing to do with education. An educated person is one who has developed qualities of mind and heart, and who can critically evaluate things and objectively decide the course of his action based on factual information.

The impressions that the students gather in the years of their academic life are important for their future. in fact, attitudes to life are built on what is happening in the academic institutions. The type of things that are taught, the ways and methods of communication and the mental attitudes of those who teach are primary in education. What are some of the things taught in our institutions? The first thing that the student learns is that the teacher is always right. Students do not know.

Who, in our educational system, are termed failures?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

There is a general impression among the public that our schools and colleges educate students. That some kind of uncritical knowledge is imparted to the students is beyond any doubt. students are made to copy notes, learn them by heart, and reproduce it during examination. Those who learn by heart and reproduce it to the exact letter are considered as the best. others who do not succeed in the exercise are termed ‘failures.’ The examination results are all a grading in memory work which has nothing to do with education. An educated person is one who has developed qualities of mind and heart, and who can critically evaluate things and objectively decide the course of his action based on factual information.

The impressions that the students gather in the years of their academic life are important for their future. in fact, attitudes to life are built on what is happening in the academic institutions. The type of things that are taught, the ways and methods of communication and the mental attitudes of those who teach are primary in education. What are some of the things taught in our institutions? The first thing that the student learns is that the teacher is always right. Students do not know.

What is the first thing that a student is made to learn in our schools?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

There is a general impression among the public that our schools and colleges educate students. That some kind of uncritical knowledge is imparted to the students is beyond any doubt. students are made to copy notes, learn them by heart, and reproduce it during examination. Those who learn by heart and reproduce it to the exact letter are considered as the best. others who do not succeed in the exercise are termed ‘failures.’ The examination results are all a grading in memory work which has nothing to do with education. An educated person is one who has developed qualities of mind and heart, and who can critically evaluate things and objectively decide the course of his action based on factual information.

The impressions that the students gather in the years of their academic life are important for their future. in fact, attitudes to life are built on what is happening in the academic institutions. The type of things that are taught, the ways and methods of communication and the mental attitudes of those who teach are primary in education. What are some of the things taught in our institutions? The first thing that the student learns is that the teacher is always right. Students do not know.

Who, according to the author, is an educated person?

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

A dog is very sensitive to atmosphere. He knows when you have lost your temper almost before you do and if you want to do anything with a dog never lose your temper! Whatever you do with him, do calmly and under full control, especially when you correct him. Talking of this awareness of atmosphere, his utter loyalty can lead to great jealousy. When I married my little dog-paragon was his name-nearly wrecked the home with his jealousy. The bottom had fallen out of his life when an intruder came into the management of the house, and he would sit about with his back to us, his back a speaking picture of misery, looking blindly into space. It was years before he would condescend to recognize my wife’s existence. More dangerous is the jealousy a dog can develop towards a new baby in the family.

Another thing to remember is that a dog is fond of company, specially that company of his own kind. In a wild state, they habitually go about in groups, either small family groups or in packs, and you see the same instinct at work, in civilization. dogs left loose in streets and in parks will nearly always gravitate into gangs, following each other looking around for mischief, adventure like so many urchins. So it is a good thing to let your dog have plenty of friends. The lonely dog will often become a fighter.

The word 'gravitate' in the context means

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

A dog is very sensitive to atmosphere. He knows when you have lost your temper almost before you do and if you want to do anything with a dog never lose your temper! Whatever you do with him, do calmly and under full control, especially when you correct him. Talking of this awareness of atmosphere, his utter loyalty can lead to great jealousy. When I married my little dog-paragon was his name-nearly wrecked the home with his jealousy. The bottom had fallen out of his life when an intruder came into the management of the house, and he would sit about with his back to us, his back a speaking picture of misery, looking blindly into space. It was years before he would condescend to recognize my wife’s existence. More dangerous is the jealousy a dog can develop towards a new baby in the family.

Another thing to remember is that a dog is fond of company, specially that company of his own kind. In a wild state, they habitually go about in groups, either small family groups or in packs, and you see the same instinct at work, in civilization. dogs left loose in streets and in parks will nearly always gravitate into gangs, following each other looking around for mischief, adventure like so many urchins. So it is a good thing to let your dog have plenty of friends. The lonely dog will often become a fighter.

A dog is fond of the company of

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

A dog is very sensitive to atmosphere. He knows when you have lost your temper almost before you do and if you want to do anything with a dog never lose your temper! Whatever you do with him, do calmly and under full control, especially when you correct him. Talking of this awareness of atmosphere, his utter loyalty can lead to great jealousy. When I married my little dog-paragon was his name-nearly wrecked the home with his jealousy. The bottom had fallen out of his life when an intruder came into the management of the house, and he would sit about with his back to us, his back a speaking picture of misery, looking blindly into space. It was years before he would condescend to recognize my wife’s existence. More dangerous is the jealousy a dog can develop towards a new baby in the family.

Another thing to remember is that a dog is fond of company, specially that company of his own kind. In a wild state, they habitually go about in groups, either small family groups or in packs, and you see the same instinct at work, in civilization. dogs left loose in streets and in parks will nearly always gravitate into gangs, following each other looking around for mischief, adventure like so many urchins. So it is a good thing to let your dog have plenty of friends. The lonely dog will often become a fighter.

The writer compares loose dogs to urchins because they