A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3 Ω is connected to a resistor. If the current in the circuit is 0.5 A, what is the resistance of the resistor? What is the terminal voltage of the battery when the circuit is closed?

Solution

Given,
EMF of battery, $ε = 10 V$
Internal resistance of battery, r= $3 Ω$
Current flowing in the circuit, I= 0.5 A

Using the forlmula $I = \frac{ε}{R + r}$

or $R = \frac{ε}{I} - r$
where, R is the external resistance.
$∴$ $R = \frac{10}{0.5} - 3 = 17 Ω$ is the required resistance.

Terminal voltage, $V = IR = 0.5 \times 17 = 8.5 V$

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Current Electricity

A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3 Ω is connected to a resistor. If the current in the circuit is 0.5 A, what is the resistance of the resistor? What is the terminal voltage of the battery when the circuit is closed?

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