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Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance

Question
CBSEENPH12037319

A 4 μF capacitor is charged by a 200V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply, and is connected to another uncharged 2 μF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation?

Solution

Given, a 4 μF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply.
Then,
Charge on the capacitor-Q= CV
                                    = 4 x 10–6 x 200

                                    = 8 x 10–4 C

Also given, it is then disconnected and, connected to another uncharged 2μF (2 × 10-6 F) capacitor. 
Thus, total capacitance-C'= (4 + 2)μF =6 μF

Until both the capacitor acquire a common potential, charge on the first capacitor is shared between them.
After the combination, the common potential-V' =Q/C
           V' = 8 × 10-4C6 × 10-6F = 1.33 × 102VV' = 133 V 

Electrostatic energy of the first capacitor, before the combination,
            U1 = 12CV2 = 124×10-6 2002U1 = 8 × 10-2J

Electrostatic energy of the system, after the combination,
U2 = 12C'V'2 = 126×10-6 (133)2U2 = 5.30 × 10-2J

Now, electrostatic energy lost by the first capacitor in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation is

                   U = U1-U2     = (8×10-2-5.3 × 10-2)    = 2.7 × 10-2J

 

 

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