A nucleus ${}_{\mathrm{Z}}{}^{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{X}$ has mass represented by m (A,Z). If m_p and m_n denote the mass of proton and neutron respectively and BE the binding energy (in MeV) then.

• $\mathrm{BE} = \left[\mathrm{m}\right(\mathrm{A},\mathrm{Z}) - {\mathrm{Zm}}_{\mathrm{p}} - (\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{Z}\left){\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}}\right]{\mathrm{C}}^2$

• $\mathrm{BE} = [{\mathrm{Zm}}_{\mathrm{p}} + (\mathrm{A} -\mathrm{Z}){\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}} - \mathrm{m}(\mathrm{A},\mathrm{Z}\left)\right]{\mathrm{c}}^2$

• $\mathrm{BE} = [{\mathrm{Zm}}_{\mathrm{p}} + {\mathrm{Am}}_{\mathrm{n}} - \mathrm{m} (\mathrm{A},\mathrm{Z}\left)\right]{\mathrm{c}}^2$

• $\mathrm{BE} = \mathrm{m} (\mathrm{A},\mathrm{Z}) - {\mathrm{Zm}}_{\mathrm{p}} - (\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{Z}) {\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{N}}$

This question contains Statement -1 and Statement-2. Of the four choices given after the statements,
Choose the one that best describes the two statements.
Statement – I: Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion.
and
Statement – II: For heavy nuclei, binding energy per nucleon increases with increasing Z while for light nuclei it decreases with increasing Z.

If M₀ is the mass of an oxygen isotope ₈O¹⁷ , Mp and M_N are the masses of a proton and a neutron respectively, the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is

In gamma-ray emission from a nucleus

When ₃Li⁷ nuclei are bombarded by protons, and the resultant nuclei are ₄Be⁸ , the emitted particles will be

The ‘rad’ is the correct unit used to report the measurement of

A photocell is illuminated by a small bright source placed 1 m away. When the same source of light is placed 1 /2 m away, the number of electrons emitted by photocathode would