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Units And Measurement

Question
CBSEENPH11020123

Find the components along the x, y, z axes of the angular momentum l of a particle, whose position vector is rwith components x, y, z and momentum is p with components px, py and pz. Show that if the particle moves only in the x-y plane the angular momentum has only a z-component.

Solution
straight I subscript straight x space equals space straight y space straight p subscript straight z space minus space straight z space straight p subscript straight y space
straight I subscript straight y space equals space zp subscript straight x space minus space xp subscript straight z space
straight I subscript straight z space equals space xp subscript straight y space minus space yp subscript straight x

Linear space momentum space of space
the space particle comma space straight p with rightwards harpoon with barb upwards on top equals space straight p subscript straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight p subscript straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight p subscript straight z space straight k with hat on top space space

Position space vector space of space
the space particle comma space straight r with rightwards harpoon with barb upwards on top space equals space straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top space

Angualr space momentum comma

space straight l with rightwards harpoon with barb upwards on top space equals space stack straight r space with rightwards harpoon with barb upwards on top space straight x space straight p with rightwards harpoon with barb upwards on top space

space space space space space equals space open parentheses straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top space close parentheses space straight x space space open parentheses straight p subscript straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight p subscript straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight p subscript straight z space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space

space space space space space equals space open vertical bar table row cell space straight i with hat on top end cell cell space straight j with hat on top space end cell cell straight k with hat on top space end cell row straight x straight y straight z row cell straight p subscript straight x end cell cell space straight p subscript straight y space end cell cell straight p subscript straight z end cell end table close vertical bar space

straight l subscript straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight l subscript straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight l subscript straight z space straight k with hat on top space equals space straight i with hat on top open parentheses space straight y space straight p subscript straight z space minus space straight z space straight p subscript straight y space close parentheses space minus space straight j with hat on top space left parenthesis zp subscript straight x space minus space xp subscript straight z space right parenthesis space plus space straight k with hat on top space left parenthesis xp subscript straight y space minus space yp subscript straight x right parenthesis space

Comparing space the space coefficients space of space space straight i with hat on top comma space space straight j with hat on top space space and space straight k with hat on top comma space we space get

right enclose straight l subscript straight x space equals space straight y space straight p subscript straight z space minus space straight z space straight p subscript straight y space
straight l subscript straight y space equals space zp subscript straight x space minus space xp subscript straight z
straight l subscript straight z space equals space xp subscript straight y space minus space yp subscript straight x end enclose space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space... space left parenthesis straight i right parenthesis thin space

The space particle space moves space in space the space straight x minus straight y space plane. space

Hence comma space the space straight z space component space of space the space position space
vector space and space linear space momentum space vector space becomes space zero.

straight z space equals space straight p subscript straight z space equals space 0 space

Thus comma space eqution space left parenthesis straight i right parenthesis space reduces space to comma space

straight l subscript straight x space equals space 0
straight l subscript straight y space space equals space 0
straight l subscript straight z space equals space space xp subscript straight y space minus space yp subscript straight x
When the particle is confined to move in the x-y plane, the direction of angular momentum is along z direction. 

Hence, the result.